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Anatomy

Anatomy. Organs. Stem. 1-Young dicot stem 2- Monoct stem 3- Old dicot stem. Root. 1- young dicot root 2- monocot root 3- old dicot root. Leaves. Identifying Stems and Roots Diagnostic :. 1- V.B. are of radial type 2- xylem is always exarch ( protoxylem is located

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Anatomy

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  1. Anatomy

  2. Organs Stem 1-Young dicot stem 2- Monoct stem 3- Old dicot stem Root 1- young dicot root 2- monocot root 3- old dicot root Leaves

  3. Identifying Stems and Roots Diagnostic: 1- V.B. are of radial type 2- xylem is always exarch ( protoxylem is located near the periphery of the V.B.) 3- Absence of stomata and cuticle Characteristic :

  4. Root anatomy Dermal tissue ( piliferous layer ) One layer , no stomata , no cuticle , the outer wall may extend into root hair Ground tissue Cortex Parenchymatous ( dicot.) , some of them sclerenchyamtous (monocot.) Last layer of cortex termed as Endodermis which characterized by presence of casparian strips { casparian strips : deposits of suberin and lignin on radial wall only  Dicot. On radial +inner tangential  Monocot .

  5. Endodermis Casparian strips

  6. young dicot root cortex Endodermis phloem Starch Metaxylem protoxylem pith

  7. monocot root epidermis cortex Starch Endodermis phloem Metaxylem protoxylem pith

  8. Old dicot. Root Look at key board

  9. old dicot root Cork (phellem) Cork cambium (phellogen) Phelloderm 2ryphloem Medullary rays Vascular cambium 2ryxylem

  10. Organs Stem 1-Young dicot stem 2- Monoct stem 3- Old dicot stem Root 1- dorsiventral dicot leaves 2- isobilateral dicot leaves 3- monocot leaves 1- young dicot root 2- monocot root 3- old dicot root Leaves

  11. Leaf anatomy Epidermis Upper and lower surface , stomata on both sides Ground tissue ( Mesophyll ) Specialized photosynthetic tissue In Dicot. Divided into palisade Below epidermis and perpendicular to it , contain chloroplasts.  spongy tissue Loosely arranged , much less chloroplast than palisade. In Monocot. Mesophyll cells all are alike not diffrantiated into palisade and spongy Vascular tissue Main V.B . In the center ( midrib ) , type of V.B . As the same of stem .

  12. dorsiventral dicot leaves Epidermis Hybodermal layer Palisade Spongy tissue Collenchyma Pericyclic fibers Phloem Metaxylem Protoxylem

  13. Epidermis Palisade Spongy tissue

  14. isobilateral dicot leaves Epidermis Palisade Spongy tissue Collenchyma Pericyclic fibers Phloem xylem

  15. monocot leaves Epidermis Hybodermal layer (sclerenchyma) Ground tissue (parenchyma) Bundle sheath (fibers) Phloem Metaxylem Protoxylem Closed collateral V. B.

  16. Practical work : We will do transverse section in a leaf : tools  razors  Slides and covers  Pith

  17. Thank youGood luckdrahmedashour@yahoo.com

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