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African Nationalism and Independence

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cailin-miles
12 diapositives · 549 Views · Nov 17, 2014

African Nationalism and Independence. African protests. WWI ended, but Colonial rule did not generally end as many African leaders had hoped. Pan-Africanism. is a movement that seeks to unify African people or people living in Africa, into a "one African community"

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  1. African Nationalism and Independence

  2. African protests WWI ended, but Colonial rule did not generally end as many African leaders had hoped.

  3. Pan-Africanism is a movement that seeks to unify African people or people living in Africa, into a "one African community" Promotes the view that all Black Africans share a common identity Leopold Senghor of Senegal Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana Jomo Kenyatta of Kenya

  4. Organization of African Unity (OAU) Founded by the leaders of 32 African states in 1963 Gave support to African groups fighting against colonialism. Contributed to unity among African nations by settling border disputes.

  5. Economic and Health problems • Poverty widespread – no infrastructure; cash crops for export; dependent on Western tech. • High population growth and drought slow economic growth • Massive slums • Pollution and perpetual traffic jams

  6. Economic and Health problems (cont) 2007 1/3 of all Sub-Saharan Africans are infected with HIV

  7. Political Challenges Almost all of these newly independent states included widely different ethnic, linguistic and territorial groups. Rwanda and Burundi became two new countries after Independence. Ethnic violence plagued Sudan (Africa's largest nation)

  8. New Nations and New Leaders Most leaders of the newly independent states came from urban Middle class. Jomo Kenyatta of Kenya and General Mobutu Sese Seko believed in Western-style capitalism

  9. African form of Socialism "The basis of socialism is a belief in the oneness of man and the common historical destiny of mankind.  Its basis...is human equality."  1967 Nyerere • Julius Nyerer of Tanzania • Kwame Nkrumaah of Ghana  (believed in Pan-Africanism) • Sekou Toure of Guinea • Patrice Lumbaba Repbublic of Congo

  10. Ghana  Kwame Nkrumah 1st British colony to gain independence (1957)

  11. South Africa • South Africa became independent part of British Commonwealth • Afrikaner National Party institutes policy of apartheid in 1948 • African National Congress was formed in 1912 – Nelson Mandela • ANC calls for armed resistance against white South African govt. • Mandela is freed by de Klerk under worldwide pressure  apartheid ends; South Africa is independent

  12. Society and Culture There is constant tension between traditional ways and Western Culture. Old and new, native and foreign living side by side.