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Understanding Self-Determination and Sovereignty in World History

This overview explores the concepts of self-determination and sovereignty, particularly in the context of the Peace of Westphalia. Self-determination allows nations to exercise self-governance based on their cultural identity, while sovereignty represents a nation's control over its territory and political affairs. The Peace of Westphalia marked significant political changes, ending the Thirty Years' War, leading to the fragmentation of the Holy Roman Empire, establishing a balance of power in Europe, and recognizing new nation-states like the Netherlands and Switzerland. This treaty also upheld religious freedoms and laid the foundation for modern concepts of nation-states.

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Understanding Self-Determination and Sovereignty in World History

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Do Now – World History • In your own words, what is self-determination? • (Feel free to look up, and rephrase a definition)

  2. The PEACE of Westphalia

  3. Essential Questions • What is sovereignty? • What political changes occurred as a result of the Peace of Westphalia?

  4. Effects of the Treaty • Ended the war

  5. Effects of the Treaty • Started to break apart the Holy Roman Empire

  6. Effects of the Treaty • Established a balance of power in Europe

  7. Effects of the Treaty • Created the new nations of the Netherlands and Switzerland

  8. Effects of the Treaty • Allowed Catholics to practice their religion freely, even if they were in a Protestant-controlled region

  9. Effects of the Treaty • Created the idea of sovereignty

  10. What is “Sovereignty”? • the ability of an individual nation, or group of people that share a common culture, to have self-rule • aka: “self-determination” • How can a ruler have self-determination?

  11. 4 Characteristics of Sovereign Nations • A group of people with a common culture

  12. Characteristics of Sovereign Nations • Recognizes the difference between “foreign” and “domestic”

  13. Characteristics of Sovereign Nations • Has complete control over its own territory

  14. Characteristics of Sovereign Nations • Is also called a “nation-state”

  15. The Pope Challenges the Idea… • Pope Innocent X (“the Tenth”) declared the Peace of Westphalia null and void • Nation-states ignored the Pope • What social change did the reactions exemplify?

  16. Revisiting The Essentials… • What political changes occurred as a result of the Peace of Westphalia?

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