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Biochemistry Fundamentals Explained: Carbon Chemistry and Metabolism Regulation

This lecture covers fundamental concepts in biochemistry, including bioenergetics, protein structure, metabolic pathways, and modes of metabolism regulation. It delves into the chemistry of living systems, focusing on carbon molecules and water properties. Students will learn to calculate bioenergetic parameters, analyze protein structure, trace key metabolites, and compare metabolic regulation modes. The course emphasizes the importance of carbon chemistry in understanding cellular processes and metabolic pathways. Resources such as animations and detailed explanations are provided to aid comprehension.

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Biochemistry Fundamentals Explained: Carbon Chemistry and Metabolism Regulation

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  1. Biochemistry Lecture 1

  2. Bloom’s Taxonomy Richard C. Overbaugh, Lynn SchultzOld Dominion University

  3. Student Objectives for this course • Calculate bioenergetic parameters and evaluate carbon molecules reactions • Reproduce and explain key metabolic processes: glycolysis, TCA cycle, electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation • Analyze protein structure and function and evaluate different methods used to assess and test structure and function • Trace key metabolites through key pathways, design experiments to test carbon flux • Compare and contrast modes of metabolism regulation and judge the effects of different modes

  4. Biochemistry is the chemistry ofLiving Systems • The Chemistry of Carbon and Water • Themes for this course: • The transformation of energy • Levels of complexity

  5. Cells

  6. Cells

  7. Lipids Levels of Complexity

  8. The Inner Life of the Cell • http://multimedia.mcb.harvard.edu/anim_innerlife.html

  9. Why Carbon What can we learn from this? • C – C bond is stronger than C – O • Stable in oxygen rich environment! • Two C – C bonds are stronger than one C = C • Chains are stable! • C – H bond is strong • Hydrocarbons stable at room temperature!

  10. Alcohol Thiol Amine Ether Thioether Peroxide Disulfide Aldehyde Ketone Carboxylic acid Ester Anhydride Amide Thioester Phosphate Phosphoester Phosphoanhydride Important Functional Groups

  11. Carbon and Functional Groups

  12. Other biomolecules PEP NADP+ Phosphatidylcholine

  13. Concentration differences between reactants and products Structural differences between reactants and products Bioenergetics Cell Reactants Products Steady State = constant flux

  14. Water

  15. Hydrogen Bonds

  16. Water

  17. Colligative Properties

  18. pH pH = -log[H+]

  19. Acids

  20. Buffers

  21. Hendeson Hasselbalch Equation  HA H+ + A- 

  22. Summary • Biochemistry is the chemistry of living things • Which is the chemistry of carbon and water • Carbons unique bonding properties • Water: hydrogen bonds and ionization • Buffers and pH

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