Chesapeake Bay Program Watershed Model 101

1. Chesapeake Bay ProgramWatershed Model101 Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

2. Role of Models Clarity What is the Concentration? What are the filtering rates? Where are the streams? Research Monitoring Modeling What is the environmental effect of any particular management scheme? How do we balance many different interests? Management Power Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

3. CBP Modeling Structure Regional Acid Deposition Model Watershed Model Chesapeake Bay Estuary Model Package Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

4. Topics • Description of the Watershed Model • Calibration • Data • Use in Management • Description of the Watershed Model • Calibration • Data • Use in Management Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

5. Purposes of the Watershed Model 1. Accurately deliver loads to the Water Quality Model 2. Equitably account for all load sources 3. Assess changes due to management Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

6. Requirements for WSM • Daily flow, nutrient, and sediment load • Accurately simulate any major land use • Responsive to • Nutrient input to land • Structural BMPs • Changes in stream chemistry • Meteorology Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

7. HSPF • Hourly time step • Heavily parameterized • sensitive to many inputs • very flexible • Open Source, Free • Supported by USGS and EPA • Wide usage Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

8. HSPFLumped parameterPhysically-based models Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

9. HSPF - lumped model Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

10. Surface Interflow Lower Zone Ground Water Land Simulation --1 Acre Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

11. Water simulation - physically based Surface Interflow Lower Zone Ground Water Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

12. Water simulation - physically based Precipitation or percolation Evapotranspiration (time series) f(time series, land properties) RO f(soil properties, slope, temp) Percolation f(soil properties, slope, temp) Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

13. Nutrient and Sediment Simulation Meteorology Precipitation Land Morphology Runoff and Groundwater Phosphorus Cycle Sediment Export Nitrogen Cycle Nutrient Inputs Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

14. Nutrient and Sediment Simulation Nitrogen Cycle Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

15. Export Export Export Export Export Export Export Nitrogen Cycle in Watershed Model Forest Trees Denitrification Roots Leaves Nitrate Atmospheric Deposition Particulate Particulate Solution Labile Refractory Ammonia Organic N Organic N Solution Solution Adsorbed Labile Refractory Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling Ammonia Organic N Organic N

16. Model Nutrient Balance Denitrification Volatilization Atmospheric Deposition Export to Streams Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

17. Land Uses Modeled Forest Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

18. Model Nutrient Balance Denitrification Volatilization Atmospheric Deposition, other sources Uptake by grasses Export to Streams Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

19. Land Uses Modeled Pervious Urban, Impervious Urban Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

20. Model Nutrient Balance Denitrification Volatilization Atmospheric deposition, Manure, Fertilizer Uptake by Crops Export to Streams Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

21. Land Uses Modeled High Till, Low Till, Hay, Pasture Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

22. Land-Water Connection X 3000 acres X 400 acres X 100 acres X 300 acres X 200 acres X 900 acres Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

23. River Simulation River 3 Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

24. N River Simulation NO3 } Algae NH3 ORGN Sediment Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

25. River Simulation River 3 River 2 River 1 Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

26. Watershed Model • 64,000 square miles • Nine land uses • 94 segments Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

27. Topics • Description of the Watershed Model • Calibration • Data • Use in Management • Description of the Watershed Model • Calibration • Data • Use in Management Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

28. RiverReach 2 points of calibration Rain Land Surface Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

29. Exports from land Literature values Analysis of input River input to tidal waters Data at all major inputs Upstream points Calibration Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

30. Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

31. Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

32. Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

33. Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

34. Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

35. RiverReach 2 points of calibration Rain Land Surface Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

36. Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

37. Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

38. Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

39. Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

40. Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

41. Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

42. Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

43. Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

44. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ CHESAPEAKE BAY WATERSHED MODEL APPLICATION AND CALCULATION OF NUTRIENT AND SEDIMENT LOADINGS Appendix E: Land Use and Linkages to the Airshed and Estuarine Models ____________________________________________________________________________ A Report of the Chesapeake Bay Program Nutrient Subcommittee Annapolis, MD August 1998 Printed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for the Chesapeake Bay Program Calibration Reviews • Modeling Subcommittee • Tributary Strategy Work Group • Model Evaluation Group Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

45. Topics • Description of the Watershed Model • Calibration • Data • Use in Management • Description of the Watershed Model • Calibration • Data • Use in Management Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

46. Types of Input Data • Point sources • Land use • Nutrient loads to land • Management Actions Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

47. Point Sources • Facility by facility list • Monthly data where available • Years 1984 - 1999 • Estimates for future scenarios Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

48. Point Source Workgroup representation from all states + DC Documented on the modeling subcommittee web site Point Source Info ____________________________________________________________________________ CHESAPEAKE BAY WATERSHED MODEL APPLICATION AND CALCULATION OF NUTRIENT AND SEDIMENT LOADINGS Appendix F: Point Source Loadings ____________________________________________________________________________ A Report of the Chesapeake Bay Program Nutrient Subcommittee Annapolis, MD August 1998 Printed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for the Chesapeake Bay Program Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

49. Land Use } Forest Impervious Urban Pervious Urban Farms } EMAP GIRAS } Land Use Data Base Crop Hay Pasture Mixed Open Agricultural Census, CTIC Population Estimations, Projections Sources Outputs Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling

50. Tributary Strategy Workgroup representation from all states + DC Documented on the modeling subcommittee web site Land Use ____________________________________________________________________________ CHESAPEAKE BAY WATERSHED MODEL APPLICATION AND CALCULATION OF NUTRIENT AND SEDIMENT LOADINGS Appendix E: Land Use and Linkages to the Airshed and Estuarine Models ____________________________________________________________________________ A Report of the Chesapeake Bay Program Nutrient Subcommittee Annapolis, MD August 1998 Printed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for the Chesapeake Bay Program Chesapeake Bay Program Modeling