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The American Civil War

The American Civil War. 1861-1865. CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR. Advantages & Disadvantages & Strategies. M ore farms for food, factories, banks & money Strong gov’t More soldiers & immigrants Lacks effective military leaders Must conquer South to win

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The American Civil War

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  1. The American Civil War 1861-1865

  2. CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR

  3. Advantages & Disadvantages & Strategies More farms for food, factories, banks & money Strong gov’t More soldiers & immigrants Lacks effective military leaders Must conquer South to win Emancipation Proclamation gives war morality Hopes for help from Europe Grows cotton for export, not food Better trained troops & more effective military leaders Homefield advantage Must outlast North to win Believe war being fought to preserve Constitutional rights

  4. Abraham Lincoln: US President who insisted that the Union be held together, by force if necessary Jefferson Davis: U.S. senator who became president of the Confederate States of America presidents

  5. Ambrose Burnside Union general at Antietam & Fredericksburg who was too aggressive Ulysses S. Grant: Union military commander, won victories after several other Union commanders failed War of attrition George McClellan 1st Union general who was good at training troops, too cautious,always thought he was outnumbered. Generals

  6. Robert E. Lee: Confederate general • (opposed secession, but did not believe the Union should be held together by force) • After the war he urged Southerners to accept defeat and unite when some wanted to fight on after Appomattox • Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson • Confederate General • Lee’s best general Rallies troops at Bull Run & Fredericksburg. • Shot & died at Chancellorsville. • William T. Sherman • Union general • Grant’s second in command • Leads march across Georgia= total war against civilians. • Captured Atlanta and Savannah. More Generals

  7. Fort Sumter:

  8. Bull Run AKA Manassas

  9. Anaconda Plan

  10. Peninsula Campaign

  11. Antietam

  12. Fredericksburg

  13. Vicksburg

  14. Gettysburg

  15. Wilderness Campaign

  16. March to the Sea

  17. Richmond Campaign

  18. Appomattox

  19. Two weeks after peace, John Wilkes Booth shoots Abraham Lincoln in Ford’s Theater. Lincoln’s Assassination

  20. The Emancipation Proclamation

  21. The Gettysburg Address

  22. African Americans Women Common Soldiers Managed homes and families with scarce resources Often faced poverty and hunger Assumed new roles in agriculture, nursing, and war industries The Emancipation Proclamation allowed for the enlistment of African American soldiers. 54th Massachusetts Regiment. Frederick Douglass: Former slave and abolitionist who urged Lincoln to recruit African Americans to fight in the Union army Warfare often involved hand-to-hand combat. Wartime diaries and letters home record. After the war, Southern soldiers returned to find destroyed homes and poverty. Soldiers on both sides lived with permanent disabilities.

  23. North South West Emerged with a strong & growing industrial economy. Foundation for the Industrial Revolution. The United States becomes a global economic power. Southern states destroyed. Farms, railroads, and factories destroyed. Confederate $ worthless. Cities in ruins. Labor shortage = no more slavery. Remained an agricultural economy & poorest section. Huge economic boom. Economy based on agriculture, mining and railroads. Transcontinental Railroad is completed (1869), increasing movement west.

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