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Statistics Chapter 1 Statistical Reasoning: Investigating a Claim of Discrimination

Section 1.2 Discrimination in the Workplace: Inference through Simulation. Statistics Chapter 1 Statistical Reasoning: Investigating a Claim of Discrimination. 1.2 Definitions.

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Statistics Chapter 1 Statistical Reasoning: Investigating a Claim of Discrimination

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  1. Section 1.2 Discrimination in the Workplace: Inference through Simulation StatisticsChapter 1 Statistical Reasoning:Investigating a Claim of Discrimination

  2. 1.2 Definitions • Inference:a statistical procedure that involves deciding whether an event can reasonably attributed to chance OR if you should look for another explanation. • Simulation:Setting up a model to simulate the actual process and repeating it to see what happens. This is then compared to what actually occurred.

  3. Definitions • Summary Statistics: a single number that condenses and summarizes the data. • Average or Meanis a summary statistic • Sum of the data values / # of data values (n)

  4. 1.2 Simulation Activity • Simulate selecting 3 employees out of 10 to lay off. Like round 2 of the lay offs from 1.1. • How would you do that with simple materials? • Refer to page 13 for an example simulation. • Follow these steps. • The ages to use are written on the board. • Repeat the process 10 times.

  5. Calculator Simulation • Using a TI-83 or higher: • Assign each employee a number 1 – 10. • Use the “randInt” function to randomly select a value from 1-10. • MATH key • PRB • randInt(1,10,n) (start, end, n selections) • What if you select the same number twice? • randInt(1,10,6): take the first 3 non-duplicated values.

  6. 1.2 Simulation Reporting • Create a classroom Dot Plot of your averages for each repetition. • Look at the Dot Plot: How many times did we get a result of 58 or higher? • Based on our simulation, what is the probability that you would randomly get an average age of 58 or higher? • Probability: proportion of successes out of total trials in the long run. • If Westvaco was truly unbiased by age would you expect that they chose the people they did? Explain.

  7. 1.2 Simulation Discussion • If we decided that the probability was high enough that there was reasonable possibility that Westvaco could have chosen those employees without bias, then they may be off the hook. • However, if the probability was very low, we can say that it is very unlikely that they chose those employees unbiased of age. • They may still have valid reasoning, but now the need for an explanation is on them.

  8. Homework Questions • P5 on page 17 • E11 on page 19

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