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Chapter 2: The Civil War

Chapter 2: The Civil War. Charles vs. Parliament . Civil war - when people within a country are fighting each other 1642 – Charles began a conflict that would tear his country apart for 7 years Both sides had to create an ‘army’. Charles vs. Parliament. Civil War – Charles vs. Parliament.

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Chapter 2: The Civil War

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  1. Chapter 2: The Civil War

  2. Charles vs. Parliament • Civil war - when people within a country are fighting each other • 1642 – Charles began a conflict that would tear his country apart for 7 years • Both sides had to create an ‘army’

  3. Charles vs. Parliament

  4. Civil War – Charles vs. Parliament • Charles was successful at first • He won many small battles • Parliament made an alliance with Scotland (who was building a more modern army) • The leader of this “New Model Army” was Oliver Cromwell, a puritan who sided with parliament

  5. Cromwell’s Army • Cromwell’s soldiers were called “Roundheads” (because they cut their hair very short compared to the Cavaliers who wore long curls)

  6. Cromwell’s Army • The Roundheads were: • Highly disciplined • Usually very religious • Well-equipped • steel body-armor and lobster-tail helmets

  7. Charles vs. Parliament (and Cromwell’s Army) • The New Model Army defeated the Royalists at two important battles • Charles was forced to flee to Scotland • He was made a prisoner • He was handed over to parliament

  8. The Rump Parliament • When the civil war had begun, many of the members of parliament who supported the king left parliament to fight with him • Parliament was left in the hands of Presbyterians and Puritans • They disagreed on many important matters

  9. Presbyterians vs. Puritans

  10. The Rump Parliament • Charles tried to play the two sides against each other • Was very dishonest with everybody • When rebellions broke out in support of the king, the parliamentary army sent soldiers to drive out the 143 Presbyterian members of parliament

  11. The Rump Parliament • The parliament that was left (the Puritans) were called the “Rump Parliament” • They charged the king with treason (being disloyal to your country) and with making war on his own people • He was put on trial for his life

  12. The Trial of the King • Charles’ trial was strange, difficult and lengthy • In the end, he was found guilty and was sentenced to death • On the day of his execution, Charles dressed nicely and ate some food (he didn’t want to seem poor or afraid) • He was led onto a scaffold and executed (his head was cut off)

  13. Charles’ Execution

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