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Central Business District, Models of Urban Structure and Sprawl

Chapter 13 sections 1, 2 and 9. Central Business District, Models of Urban Structure and Sprawl. Terms/Concepts. Central Business District Concentric Zone Model Sector Model Multiple Nuclei Model Peripheral Model Sprawl. Explaining the City.

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Central Business District, Models of Urban Structure and Sprawl

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  1. Chapter 13 sections 1, 2 and 9 Central Business District, Models of Urban Structure and Sprawl

  2. Terms/Concepts • Central Business District • Concentric Zone Model • Sector Model • Multiple Nuclei Model • Peripheral Model • Sprawl

  3. Explaining the City • Cities are ever changing but sociologist, economist, and geographers try to develop models to explain them • Not all models apply to all cities and cities may actually be a combination of many models

  4. Central Business District • Central business district (CBD) • Best-known and most visually distinctive area of most central cities • AKA “downtown” • Usually one of the oldest districts in the city • Original site of the settlement • Visually distinct • Is the easiest part of the city to reach from the rest of the region (accessibility) • Focal point of region’s transportation network

  5. Concentric Zone Model • Concentric Zone Model- city grows outward from a central area in a series of five concentric rings • 1. Central Business District (CBD) • 2. Zone of Transition • Industry and poorer quality housing • 3. Zone of independent workers’ homes • Modest houses occupied by stable, working-class families • 4. Zone of better residences • Mores spacious homes for middle-class families • 5. Commuter’s zone • Work in the center choose to live outside the city

  6. Sector Model • Sector Model- city develops in a series of sectors or wedges that radiate out from the central business district

  7. Multi-Nuclei Model • Multi-Nuclei Model- social groups are arranged around a collection of nodes of activities • Cities are complex and include more than one center around which activities revolve • Some activities are attracted to particular nodes while others are not

  8. The Peripheral Model • Peripheral Model- consists of an inner city surrounded by large suburban residential and business areas tied together by a beltway or ring road • Has led to sprawl – progressive spread of development of new housing sites over the landscape

  9. Important points regarding models • Human geographers have developed tools for describing cities • These models focus on different types of urban land use and their locations relative to the CBD • There are different models, but they contain many similar elements • Urban land use has changed since the models were developed and continue to change today • The models may need to be adjusted in order to reflect current land use in urban areas

  10. Terms/Concepts Central Business District Concentric Zone Model Sector Model Multiple Nuclei Model Peripheral Model Sprawl

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