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Image by Mariner 4, 29 March 1974. Mercury. distance from Sun = .387 AU rotation period = 58.6 days orbital period = 87.9 days orbital eccentricity = .206 orbital inclination = 7.0 o axis inclination = 2 o mass/m e = .0553 radius/r e = .38 albedo = .11 gravity/g e = .38
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Image by Mariner 4, 29 March 1974 Mercury distance from Sun = .387 AU rotation period = 58.6 days orbital period = 87.9 days orbital eccentricity = .206 orbital inclination = 7.0o axis inclination = 2o mass/me = .0553 radius/re = .38 albedo = .11 gravity/ge = .38 number of satellites = 0 atmosphere: none
Mercury Note veins around craters, which might be lava flows induced by impact event.
Radar image of Mercury with Goldstone-VLA Mercury Red areas have high radar reflectivity, due either to variations in surface composition or surface roughness. The area of high radar reflectivity at the north pole (top of image) is thought to be due to significant amounts of water ice residing in permanently-shaded areas within craters in the polar region. The other two large regions of high reflectivity have never have been imaged by spacecraft, so the cause of the high reflectivity remains a mystery.
Image by Mariner 10 Venus distance from Sun = .723 AU rotation period = 243.0 days orbital period = 224.7 days orbital eccentricity = .007 orbital inclination = 7.0o axis inclination = 177.3o mass/me = .815 radius/re = .95 albedo = .65 gravity/ge = .91 number of satellites = 0 atmosphere: CO2 (97%) and N (3%)
distance from Sun = 1 AU = 1.5x1013 cm rotation period = 1 day orbital period = 365.24 days orbital eccentricity = .017 orbital inclination = 0.0o axis inclination = 23.45o mass me = 5.98x1027 g radius re = 6.37x108 cm albedo = 0.37 gravity ge = 975 cm s-2 number of satellites = 1 atmosphere: N (80%) and O (20%) Earth, Apollo 17, December 1972
Earth, IR image from GOES 6 satellite and Clementine (right)
Earth is our home planet. Moon The uniform temperature and thermal regulation on the surface of the Earthis due to the coupling between the oceanic and atmospheric currents
distance from Sun = 1.52 AU rotation period = 1.029 days orbital period = 686.0 days orbital eccentricity = .093 orbital inclination = 1.8o axis inclination = 25.19o mass/me = .1074 radius/re = .533 albedo = .15 gravity/ge = .38 known satellites = 2 atmosphere: CO2 Mars, ground-based telescope
Mars, Mariner 4 image (1965) The large channel system is Valles Marineris
Mars Mars has many surface features that were formed by volcanisn, impacts, tectonics, wind, flowing water, and landslides.
Jupiter, HST image distance from Sun = 5.20 AU rotation period = .41 days orbital period = 11.9 yrs orbital eccentricity = .048 orbital inclination = 1.3o axis inclination = 3.12o mass/me = 317.0 radius/re = .9.4 albedo = .52 gravity/ge = 2.54 known satellites = 16 atmosphere: H, He
Image by Nordic Optical Telescope Saturn distance = 9.53 AU rotation period = .44 days orbital period = 29.5 days orbital eccentricity = .056 orbital inclination = 2.5o axis inclination = 26.73o mass/me = 95.18 radius/re = 9.4 albedo = .47 gravity/ge = 1.08 known satellites = 18 atmosphere: H, He
Mimas, satellite of Saturn Large impact crater is Herschel
Large impact crater is Telemachus Tethys, satellite of Saturn
Uranus, HST WFPC2 image distance from Sun = 19.18 AU rotation period = .72 days orbital period = 84.0 yrs orbital eccentricity = .047 orbital inclination = .8o axis inclination = 97.86o mass/me = 14.53 radius/re = 4.007 albedo = .51 gravity/ge = .91 known satellites = 15 atmosphere: H and He
Neptune, HST WFPC2 image distance from Sun = 30.06 AU rotation period = .77 days orbital period = 164.8 yrs orbital eccentricity = .009 orbital inclination = 1.8o axis inclination = 29.5o mass/me = 17.14 radius/re = 3.9 albedo = .41 gravity/ge = 1.19 known satellites = 8 atmosphere: H and He