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Effect of Occlusal Trauma on Periodontium

Effect of Occlusal Trauma on Periodontium. Definitions. It is a term used to describe pathological alterations or adaptive changes which develop in the periodontium as a result of undue force produced by the masticatory muscles. (OR)

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Effect of Occlusal Trauma on Periodontium

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  1. Effect of Occlusal Trauma on Periodontium

  2. Definitions • It is a term used to describe pathological alterations or adaptive changes which develop in the periodontium as a result of undue force produced by the masticatory muscles. (OR) • An injury to the attachment apparatus as a result of excessive occlusal force.

  3. Types • Primary • Tissue reaction around a tooth with normal height of the periodontium. • Secondary • Related to a situation around a tooth in which occlusal forces causes injury in a periodontium of reduced height.

  4. Trauma form occlusion and plaque – associated periodontal disease • Glickman’s Concept (1955 –1970) • Chemical that the pathway of the spread of a plaque – associated gingival lesion can be changed if forces of an abnormal magnitude are acting a teeth having sub gingival plaque.

  5. Trauma form occlusion and plaque – associated periodontal disease • Glickman’s Concept (1955 –1970) • Character of the progressive tissue destruction of the periodontium at a traumatized tooth will be different from that characterizing a non-traumatized.

  6. Trauma form occlusion and plaque – associated periodontal disease • Glickman’s Concept (1955 –1970) • Zone of irritation  Marginal and inter dental gingiva. • Zone of condensation  Periodontal ligament root cementum and alveolar bone.

  7. On Non Traumatized Tooth • First involve Alveolar bone, the P.D ligament, Bone destruction horizontal and uneven.

  8. On Traumatized Tooth • Direct involve P.D. ligament angular bone loss.

  9. Trauma from occlusion played a role in the spread of a gingival lesion into zone of codestruction • Codestruction means: • Loss of connective tissue • Resorption of bone • Increased tooth mobility • Depends upon: • Force of a magnitude • Frequency • Duration

  10. Diagnosis • Probing depth, tooth mobility plaque, calculus, bone height widened periodontal space (X-Ray).

  11. Tissue Reaction Under Pressure • Increased vascularization – increase permeability, disorganization of cells of collagen fibers bundles.

  12. Treatment • Scaling – root planning • Pocket elimination • Occlusal adjustment

  13. Effect of Orthodontic Therapy on Periodontium

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