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The Holocaust

The Holocaust. History: Prejudice, Bigotry and Persecution Nuremburg Laws Kristallnacht Ghettoes and Deportation Death Squads Camps The Final Solution. History: Prejudice, Bigotry and Persecution. Crusades against Jews The Spanish Inquisition

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The Holocaust

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  1. The Holocaust History: Prejudice, Bigotry and Persecution Nuremburg Laws Kristallnacht Ghettoes and Deportation Death Squads Camps The Final Solution

  2. History: Prejudice, Bigotry and Persecution • Crusades against Jews • The Spanish Inquisition • Expulsion from England (1290), France (1306), and Spain (1492) • “Jewish” Professions • Dreyfus Affair • Russian Pogroms • Anti-Semitism • Anti-Roma • Anti-Homosexual

  3. "In Germany, they came first for the Communists, And I didn’t speak up because I wasn’t a Communist;And then they came for the trade unionists, And I didn’t speak up because I wasn’t a trade unionist;And then they came for the Jews, And I didn’t speak up because I wasn’t a Jew;And then . . . they came for me . . . And by that time there was no one left to speak up."

  4. Nuremburg Laws • Started in 1933 • “Jewish Business” signs and boycott • Revoked citizenship of non-German blood • “Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honor” forbade marriage or intimacy between Jews and Germans • Jewish students expelled • Jews fired from law, medicine, civil service • Book burnings • Jews only allowed to use “Jewish” names (ie. Israel and Sara) • Yellow Star • “J” in passport • “Aryanization” of property

  5. KristallnachtThe Night of Broken Glass • “Response” to assassination in France • November 9-10, 1938 • 7,000 businesses and 195 synagogues destroyed • 100 Jews killed; thousands beaten, tortured • 30,000 arrested and taken to concentration camps

  6. Ghettoes and Deportation • Polish Jews robbed and deported to Poland (act that caused assassination in Paris) • After war starts, Jews in Germany, Poland and elsewhere rounded up and sent to Ghettoes in Poland • Starvation, disease, abuse kill many (250,000 killed in four months) • 1943 Warsaw Ghetto and others emptied, one month of fighting

  7. Death Squads • After invasion of Russia, groups of SS and others followed advancing German troops and killed anyone (mostly Jews and Slavs) they didn’t like. • Usually, the death squads would enter a village, round up everyone, march them outside of town, have them dig a trench, take off their clothes, and then shoot them so they fell into the trench. Then they would be covered over. • We don’t know how many people were killed this way.

  8. Camps • Camps were generally of two types: work to death, and Death • The first people sent to camps were political prisoners, then “degenerates” and other undesirables, then Jews • Death camps didn’t make a major impact until 1942. That’s when the gas chambers and ovens were built.

  9. The Final Solution • Began in 1942 • So called because it wanted to rid society of Jews through murder • It’s goal was the death of every Jew in Europe • To Hitler, the killing of Jews took precedence over fighting the war. • In all, ~6,000,000 Jews and ~6,000,000 others murdered

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