1. Chapter 14- pattern Oriel Davis, Jaelan Jackson, Ariana Pitts and Julien Owens

2. What is a pattern? • Pattern is identified as searching after order and significance or a means of selection and arrangement. • Used to transform the chaotic nature of experience into a meaningful and coherent patternby selection and arrangement.

3. The Composition of a pattern • An arrangement of ideas, images, thoughts, and sentences. • The External shape of a pattern. Structure Form

4. Continuous Form • The form of a poem in which the lines follow each other without formal grouping; the only breaks are being dictated by units of meaning. • This is illustrated by “The Widow’s Lament in Springtime,” which has neither regular meter nor rhyme. (page 693) • Another example is in “After Apple-Picking.” This poem is metrical; it has no regularity of length of line, but the meter is predominately iambic. (page 698)

5. stanzaic form • Written in a series of stanzas that is repeated with the units having the same number of lines • Usually the same metrical pattern and often an identical rhyme scheme. • The poet may use a traditional stanza pattern or create their own • Some traditional stanza forms include: terzarima, ballad meter, rhyme royal, and Spenserian stanza. (Stanza forms are used to create a literary allusion)

6. Fixed Form • Fixed Form- a traditional pattern that applies to a whole poem. Examples include: rondeaus, rondels, villanelles, triolets, sestinas, ballades, double ballades, sonnets, and others. • The two very important and most commonly used forms are Sonnets and Villanelles.

7. Sonnets There are two types of sonnets: the English Sonnet and the Italian Sonnet. • The Italian Sonnet (also known as the Petrarchan Sonnet) is divided usually between eight lines called the octave using two rhyme schemes arranged abbaabba, and six lines called the sestet, using either cdcdcd or cdecde. The division between the sestet and the octave corresponds to a division of thought. The octave may be the question and the sestet the answer. • The English Sonnet (also known as the Shakespearean Sonnet) consists of three quatrains and a concluding couplet , rhyming abab cdcd efef gg. The sonnet is effective when used for the discussion of death or serious treatment of love.

8. Sonnet:Sonnets From fairest creatures we desire increase, That thereby beauty’s rose might never die.But as the riper should by time decease,His tender heir might bear his memory:But thou, contracted to thine own bright eyes,Feed'st thy light’s flame with self-substantial fuel,Making a famine where abundance lies,Thyself thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel.Thou that art now the world’s fresh ornamentAnd only herald to the gaudy spring,Within thine own bud buriest thy contentAnd, tender churl, mak'st waste in niggarding.Pity the world, or else this glutton be,To eat the world’s due, by the grave and thee - William Shakespeare

9. Villanelle • Villanelle is a 19 line poem that consists of 5 tercets and a quatrain. And in those tercets, the first and third tercet is used as a refrain throughout the whole poem and makes the final couplet in the quatrain.

10. Villanelle:The Home on the hill They are all gone away, The house is shut and still, There is nothing more to say Through broken walls and gray, The wind blows bleak and shrill, They are all gone away Nor is there one today, To speak them good or ill There is nothing more to say Why is it then we stray Around the sunken sill? They are all gone away And our poor fancy play For them is wasted skill There is nothing more to say There is ruin and decay In the House on the Hill: They are all gone away, There is nothing more to say. -Edward Arlington Robinson (1869-1935)

11. Chapter 14 Quiz • What is structure? Form? • What are three types of poetry? • What are the two types of sonnets? • What is villanelle? • What is the name of the poem and the author of the poem? What does it mean? • Make a poem based on any pattern we discussed.

12. Work Cited • http://myweb.stedwards.edu/georgek/poetics/patterns.html