Southern Europe: Italy Buon Giorno!

1. Southern Europe:ItalyBuon Giorno! Chapter 12 / Section 2

5. A boot kicking a football • Italy is a 750-mile long peninsula (the Appenine Peninsula) & islands (Sicily & Sardinia) • It is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea on three sides - East: Adriatic Sea - South: Ionian Sea - West: Tyrrhenian Sea (They are bodies of water that are part of the Mediterranean Sea.) - North: Monaco, France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia

6. The Land • Size: the states of FL & GA combined (113,351 sq mi.) • Three types of landforms: 1) Mountains 2) Lowlands 3) Coasts

8. Italy from Space (Thanks NASA!)

9. 1) Mountains • Alps: they form a natural border b/w Italy and the countries of France, Switzerland, and Austria in the north • Appennines: they run from the top of the peninsula to the “toe” of the boot (NW-SW direction) in the center of the country - They turn into hills in Southern Italy • Volcanic mountains: close to 20 volcanoes, 3 of which are still active today

10. The Alps

11. The Appennines

12. The Southern Hills of the Appennines(Santa Luce)

13. Volcanic Mountains • Mount Etna (continuous eruptions): on the island of Sicily • Stromboli (continuous eruptions): one of the Aeolian Islands • Mount Vesuvius (last erupted in 1944): near the city of Naples - The only active volcano in mainland Europe - In A.D. 79, it destroyed the cities of Pompei & Herculaneum, killing 10,000-25,000 people

15. Mount Etna

16. Mount Etna

17. Stromboli

18. Stromboli

19. Mount Vesuvius

20. The Crater of Mt. Vesuvius

21. Pompeii

22. Pompeii

23. 2) Lowlands • The largest & most important lowland is the Po River Valley in northern Italy • Italy’s largest river, the Po River, cuts through it from the border of Switzerland all the way to the Adriatic Sea

24. Po River & Valley

25. Po River Valley from Space

26. Po River

27. Po River Plains

28. 3) Coasts The most famous coasts: • Amalfi Coast • Italian Riviera

29. Amalfi Coast

31. Amalfi Coast

32. Amalfi Coast

33. Italian Riviera

34. Italian Riviera

35. Italian Riviera

36. The Climate 3 types of climate (from N to S): • Highland: in the Alps = cold & cool temperatures year-round due to the high elevation (timberline & snowcaps!) • Humid subtropical: in the Po River Valley = hot, humid summers w/ plenty of rain & short, mild winters • Mediterranean: in the rest of Italy, including the islands of Sicily & Sardinia = hot, dry summers (sirocco!) & mild, rainy winters

37. Siroccos • Hot, dry winds blowing from North Africa in the spring & the summer • Cool, moist air from the Atlantic Ocean replaces the siroccos in the fall & the winter (they bring rain to Italy)

38. Sirocco Winds

40. The Economy • Wealthy Southern European country • Its wealth is unevenly distributed b/w the industrialized, urban North & agricultural, rural South

41. The Prosperous North • Agriculture: • In the fertile Po River Valley: wheat, corn, rice, sugar beet • In the hills of N. Italy: wine grapes • Industry: • Hydroelectric power from the Alps & natural gas in the Po River Valley • Manufacturing of cars, machinery, chemical, clothing, & leather in Turin & Milan 3) Trade: in the port city of Genoa 4) Banking

42. Farms in the Po River Valley

43. Italian Vineyards

44. FIAT

45. Milan Fashion Week

46. The Developing South 1) Raising livestock: dry, rugged landscape  used for pastureland  grazing livestock 2) Agriculture: volcanic & clay soil  used for growing citrus fruits, olives, & grapes 3) Tourism

47. Pastureland in Southern Italy

48. Citrus & Olive Farms in S. Italy

49. Tourists on Mt. Etna

50. The People • Capital: Rome • Population: 59.8 million • People only live on 25% of the land • Reasons: mountains & migration to Northern cities • Language: Italian • Religion: Roman Catholic • Type of Government: parliamentary democracy • Largest cities: Milan, Naples, Turin, Palermo, Genoa, Bologna, Florence