1 / 13

U.S. Moves Towards War: Timeline and Key Events

Learn about the crucial events that led the U.S. towards entering World War II, from neutrality to the Pearl Harbor attack. Explore the Cash and Carry Policy, Lend-Lease program, and the Atlantic Charter.

frankpotter
Télécharger la présentation

U.S. Moves Towards War: Timeline and Key Events

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 16 Section 4 NotesU.S. Moves Towards War

  2. U.S. Neutral in Europe until Invasion of Poland • Congress finally agrees to end neutrality • Cash and Carry Policy (Sept. 1939) • Countries at war (Eng. & Fra) can buy stuff from U.S. if they: • pay cash • provide own transportation • This helped a bit • didn’t prevent takeover of France • still heavy damage to England • Allied ships busy with Germans • Hard time coming and getting supplies

  3. Tripartite Pact(Sept. 1940) • Germany, Italy, and Japansign mutual defense treaty • Become known as the Axis Powers • If U.S. declared war on one of them, they’d be at war with all 3

  4. U.S. begins prepping for possible war • FDR gets Congress to increase defense spending a lot(Arsenal for Democracy) • Selective Training and Service Act(1940) • 1st peacetime draft ever • Men between 21 – 35 yrs old registered • Eventually changed to 18 – 45 yrs old. • 10 million men drafted by 1947. Draft process described on my website

  5. 1940 Presidential Election • FDR = Democrat • Breaks tradition, runs for 3rd term • Wendell Willkie = Republican • Political outsider • not in any office before • Lawyer and Pres. of Largest Electric Comp. in U.S. • Candidates similar on most issues • FDR wins • Closer election than FDR’s other 2 • Still a blowout

  6. 1940 Election Results

  7. U.S. changes Cash-Carry to Lend-Lease • Britain has no more $ to buy supplies • all ships devoted to its own protection • U.S. changes to Lend – Lease(Mar. 1941) • Loaned (credit) and shipped supplies to Britain • Eventually extended this to Russia(June 1941) when Hitler broke his nonaggression pact. • Some people opposed this big time • U.S. helping communists? • Not England: Churchill quote: • “The enemy of my enemy is my friend” Lend Lease shipments from 1941 to end of 1943; final totals by Sept. 1945 were much higher

  8. German response to U.S. aid = sink ships • Wolf Packattacks • Groups of German U-boats (subs) attacking supply ships • Very successful at 1st • Sank a bunch of ships • U.S. ships allowed to retaliate(Sept. 1941) • Shoot on Sight Policy • Gradually improved ability to sink U-Boats over the next couple years Painting of a Wolf Pack attack on supply ships

  9. Atlantic Charter(Aug. 1941) • agreement between Churchill and FDR • Met on a ship in middle of Ocean • What was agreed on: • collective security(protect each other) • disarmament(get rid of weapons after war) • self determination(people choose own gov) • econ. cooperation(low tariffs, better trade) • freedom of the seas • led to formation of the United Nations • 26 countries signed on to be Allies • US, England, Soviet Union are main ones • France , China, Canada, Australia, etc… • FDR & Congress still didn’t declare war

  10. Japan continues acquiring land in Asia • Already controlled • Manchuria (NE China and SE Russia) • Parts of China’s coast • U.S. not happy (sec. 1 notes) • Hideki Tojo(Jap. Military leader… far right) • Emperor Hirohito(overall leader, like a god) • Both wanted more land • took over French Indochina(July 1941) • Modern Day Vietnam • U.S. response = stop trade with Japan • Biggest impact = no more oil for Japan • Japan ticked off. Prepares to attack • U.S. knows this • broke codes • doesn’t know when. • FDR orders military on high alert • Doesn’t want to act 1st though

  11. Pearl Harbor, Hawaii(December 7th, 1941)*** • Japanese air force bombs largest U.S. naval base in Pacific • Sneak attacks last around 2 hrs. • 2,400 killed • 1,200 wounded • 21 military ships sunk or damaged • 300 planes destroyed or damaged

  12. Largest loss of life on U.S. soil in a military related conflict between the end of the Civil War and September 11th (3000 deaths) • U.S. declares war on Japan the next day (famous FDR speech) • Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S. 3 days later (honor pact)

More Related