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Soils Information

Soils Information. http://tiee.ecoed.net/vol/v3/experiments/soil/img/soil.jpg. By: Matt Jakubik. Soil. A. outer layer of earth’s crust, renewable natural resource that supports life --takes 1000 years for 1 inch of soil to form. Function of Soils. Supply Nutrients Supply Water Supply Air

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Soils Information

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  1. Soils Information http://tiee.ecoed.net/vol/v3/experiments/soil/img/soil.jpg By: Matt Jakubik

  2. Soil • A. outer layer of earth’s crust, renewable natural resource that supports life • --takes 1000 years for 1 inch of soil to form

  3. Function of Soils • Supply Nutrients • Supply Water • Supply Air • Provides Anchoring

  4. Soil Components • A. Soil is made up of: • 1.   Minerals—45% • 2.   Water—25% (good soil) • 3.   Air—25% • 4.   organic matter—5%

  5. Organic Matter • A. decayed plants and animals • 1.   leaves, roots, stems • 2.   dark in color • 3.   more productive because of increased fertility/nutrients • sources: manure, mulch, peat moss

  6. Water • A. necessary for good soil --permeable: allows water to flow through --leaching: salts, minerals and nutrients washed out of soil

  7. Air • 1.   roots need air to breathe • 2.   soil must have air in pores for plants to grow

  8. Pores • A. spaces between soil particles. B. Filled with air and/or water

  9. Mineral Material • began as rock, undergoes weathering to break down • 1.   Classified according to particle size • a.    sand: largest in size, large pores, water flows through easily, not as fertile, nutrients leach out • b.   silt: mid-sized, good water holding capacity, holds nutrients • C. clay: smallest in size, holds water and nutrients, has poor water drainage and lacks air

  10. Soil Texture • a.    proportions of the 3 particle sizes in a soil • --Landscapers need to know soil texture: • 1.   time to plant • 2.   drainage • 3.   nutrient holding capacity • 4.   plant soil requirements • 5.   easier to work with

  11. Texture • Definition: Percentage of sand, silt and clay particles • Size of particles.(largest to smallest) • Sand • Silt • Clay

  12. Texture • Why is texture Important? • Water absorption rates • Soil water storage capacity • Ease of tillage • Amount of aeration • Soil Fertility

  13. Texture • Determining Soil Texture By Feel • Sand • Coarse gritty feel • Silt • Medium-silty, floury feel • Clay • Fine-sticky when wet

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