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Marine Invertebrates Anatomy & Physiology Survey, pt. 1. Phylum Porifera – The ____________________ Use Living Ocean, pp.146-155. Comparison between natural and synthetic sponge texture. Draw and label. Determine which is more absorbent. Describe how you did this. Drawing from p.153.
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Marine Invertebrates Anatomy & Physiology Survey, pt. 1 • Phylum Porifera – The ____________________ • Use Living Ocean, pp.146-155. • Comparison between natural and synthetic sponge texture. Draw and label. • Determine which is more absorbent. Describe how you did this. • Drawing from p.153. • Drawing from life. Show how water moved through your sponge. • What kind of symbiosis often involves sponges? • Answer questions 6,7,9,12 on p. 157.
Marine Invertebrates – Anatomy & Physiology Survey, pt.2 • Phylum Cnidaria – includes __________, _____ __________, and __________. • Use pp.159 - 177 • Draw a nematocyst from fig 3-3, p. 162. • Draw fig. 3-7, p. 167. • Draw fig. 3-6, p. 166. • Where’s the cnidarian’s ‘brain’?
Marine Invertebrates – Anatomy & Physiology Survey, pt. 3 • Read pp. 200 – 201. • Worms: What two phyla include marine worms? • How is their body plan different from Cnidarians and Poriferans? • What kind of marine lifeform are the worms? • Fill in the worm sections on your Phylum Characteristics Chart.
Marine Invertebrates – Anatomy & Physiology Survey, pt. 4 Phylum Mollusca – includes 4 classes. Give names and examples. Name and describe the 3 basic characteristics of mollusks. Lifestyles of the Beautiful and Benthic: What is the diet of these organisms… (list food items, then write ______vore) • Lightning Whelk • Atlantic Moon Snail • Conch • Abalone • Cowrie • Olive • Florida Auger Snail (Terebra floridana) • Murex Snail • Chiton • Limpet
Lightning WhelkBusycon perversum pulleyi Diet: consume bivalves (invertebrates with two shells), especially oysters, clams, and scallops
Atlantic Moon SnailNeverita duplicata Diet: other mollusks, especially clams, by drilling a hole with its radula through the shell and at the same time secreting an acidic substance that softens the shell.
Conch Strombus gigas http://www.breef.org/OurMarineResources/Conch/tabid/55/Default.aspx Diet: eats algae off of rocks
Abalone Eats Marine Algae
Cowrie As a group, cowries eat a wide variety of things from algae, sponges to scavenging and carnivorous cowries that eat other snails. Each has a radula adapted to its particular prey.
Olive Olive snails are predators. They feed on other snails, small crustaceans and also scavenge on dead animals. An Olive snail remains in the sand while it sticks its siphon above the surface. When it 'smells' suitable prey, it emerges to engulf the prey with its large foot, smothering it with slime and then dragging it beneath the sand to be eaten at leisure.
Florida Auger Auger snails have a poison gland, and a harpoon-like “tooth” which can be ejected from the proboscis to stab worms and small fish.
Murex They eat other snails and clams, as well as coral!
Chitons and Limpets They eat algae, bryozoans, diatoms and sometimes bacteria by scraping the rocky substrate with their well-developed radula. They eat different types of algae such as microscopic seaweed.
Lifestyles of the Gooey, Gross and Angelic: Look up pictures of living geoducks, angelwings, and Eastern Oysters. On the geoducks and angelwings, what is the structure that stands out? What is its purpose? Why does the oyster not have this?
Geoduck Panopea generosa The long siphon with which the geoduck feeds on tiny marine animals cannot be pulled inside its shell. Geoducks often burrow into the sand to a depth of four feet (1.2 m). Their reddish flesh is considered a delicacy. http://wdfw.wa.gov/fishing/shellfish/geoduck/howto_dig.html
Marine Invertebrates – Anatomy & Physiology Survey, pt. 5 Lifestyles of the Intelligent and Tentacled: • Besides the squids and octopi, there are many other cephalopods. Name two other extant as well as two extinct examples. • Draw an Octopus eye in cross-section. How does this compare with ours? • Squids and octopi are all predators. What do their mouths look like? Draw a cephalopod mouth. How is this different from the gastropods? • How does a Chambered Nautilus swim and maintain buoyancy? • Since only the shells of fossil cephalopods have been preserved, how do we know that they were actually “tentacle-heads”? • What evidence is there that Cephalopods are the most intelligent of invertebrates?
Pelecypods have male and female genders, but fertilization can be internal (some clams) or external (other clams and oysters)
Cephalopods have well-defined sexes… Males leave a packet of spermatophores Inside female.
…while some gastropods are hermaphroditic (and others have distinct genders)
Marine Invertebrates – Anatomy & Physiology Survey, pt. 6 • Phylum Arthropoda – includes the Class Malocostraca – the _____________. Characteristics of Class Malacostraca - exoskeleton made up of __________. - 2 body segments - __________ and ________. - _____ pairs of antennae (__________ function) - _____ pairs of mouthparts (__________ function) - _____ pairs of thoracic legs (__________ function) - _____ pairs of abdominal legs ( ________ function) - ____ pair of gonophore ( ____________ function) - Eyes stalked or sessile
Crustacean Reproduction • Find out how crustaceans reproduce. Draw a life cycle, being sure to include drawings of actual baby crabs. • What kind of lifestyle do most crustaceans live as adults? As babies? • Construct a cladogram showing the relationship of these local crustaceans: Blue Crab, Fiddler Crab, Hermit Crab, Barnacle, Brown Shrimp, and Spiny Lobster.
Marine Invertebrates – Anatomy & Physiology Survey, pt. 7 • Phylum Echinodermata – includes 5 classes. Give Names and Examples. • ALL echinoderms are __________. They are also all ______________ as adults. • Draw the life cycle of an echinoderm. How do the life stages differ regarding symmetry? • All adult echinoderms have a “star” pattern present in their skeleton. What is the term for this? • What are tube feet, what is their function, and how do they work? • What do you have in common (developmentally) with an echinoderm?
Diversity of Echinoderms Class: Asteroidea Class: Ophiuroidea Class: Echinoidea Class: Crinoidea Class: Holothuroidea
Marine Invertebrates – Anatomy & Physiology, Part 8 • Phylum Chordata – includes the vertebrates as well as some invertebrates. • Go to http://step.nn.k12.va.us/science/zo/ppt/Invertebrate_Chordates.ppt and take notes.
