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Understanding Prokaryotes and Their Role in Health

This resource explains the fundamental differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, highlighting the simplicity of prokaryotes like bacteria. Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound structures and a nucleus, containing free-floating DNA instead. Learn about the distinctions between good and bad bacteria, their functions in digestion, nutrient recycling, and their rapid mutation capabilities. The text also addresses the implications of antibiotic overuse and the importance of maintaining a balance of beneficial bacteria in our bodies.

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Understanding Prokaryotes and Their Role in Health

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Aim: What are Prokaryotes? Do now: What is the difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell, and what is more ‘complex’?

  2. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u54bRpbSOgsWhat is called the instructions for life?Are all cells in your body the same?Do cells live forever?

  3. Prokaryotic • Do not have structures surrounded by membranes • Few internal structures • One-celled organisms, Bacteria http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html

  4. Bacteria features • No nucleus • Flagella or cilia --- extensions of the body that help propel the bacteria around fluid • Some have a cell wall (typically on plant cells) • Free floating DNA – not housed in a nucleus

  5. ProkaryoticBacteria • Good bacteria • Everyone has bacteria that lives within our body: this bacteria helps us digest food • Also good bacteria breaks down nutrients in order to recycle them back into the world • Bad bacteria • Bad bacteria causes disease: these are called pathogenic bacteria

  6. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IekdfJ-7Zyk • What do are some of the things good bacteria does to help us survive? • Why is overuse of antiBIOTICS bad?

  7. Good bacteria • Certain bacteria help us digest Bacteroidesbiacutis Why do beans make you gassy?

  8. Bad bacteria – infectious/pathogenic bacterai • Bacillus anthracis -anthrax • Chlamydia trachomatis • Escherichia coli • Salmonella typhi • Streptococcus agalactiae • Yersinia pestis (plague)

  9. Bacteria Can divide quickly and They mutate often • This allows them to adapt quickly • These mutations are only sped up by not having a nucleus – Exposed DNA increases the chance of mutations What does it mean to mutate?

  10. Exit question • Antibiotics fights all bacteria it comes in contact with? Why is bad to take antibiotics all the time?

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