Computing Fundamentals

1. Computing Fundamentals Unit 1- Recognizing Computers

2. Objectives • Understand the importance of computers • Identify significant times in computer history • Understand how computers developed into what they are today • Describe how data is represented • Define computers & computer systems • Classify different types of computers

3. What is IT? • Deals with all aspects of managing and processing data with computerized systems • In our daily activities • Drives the systems we use to learn, solve problems, and communicate • We’re dependant on technology • IT affects all fields of work & organizations • No matter what career path you choose, a solid IT background will be at your advantage!

4. What is a Computer? • A computer is a person, instrument, or machine that gathers, processes, and stores information.

5. Where Are Computers Used?

6. Computer History • In groups, make a computer history timeline of events • Use an online timeline maker, poster paper, Word, etc. • Mark at least 10 significant events • Use your own words to describe

7. The Father of Computing • Charles Babbage • Designed a steam-powered calculator called the Difference Engine in 1821. • His next idea was the Analytical Engine (1856), designed to perform any kind of mathematical calculation.

8. 40’s & 50’s • Massive • ENIAC • Designed for military & government

9. World War II • In 1943, the British built the first “Colossus” computer. • Used to decipher encrypted teleprinter messages sent by the Germans during World War II.

10. Altair • The first computer that most individuals could afford was the Altair 8800, built in 1975 by MITS. • No keyboard or screen • Information was entered by clicking switches

11. First User-Friendly Computer • Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak created the first user-friendly personal computer, called the Apple, with a built-in keyboard, display screen, and storage unit. • The term personal computer refers to a computer designed to be used by one person at a time.

12. IBM PC • Bill Gates worked with IBM • Developed DOS • IBM computer in 1981 released • Pictured- $3500

13. Attack of the Clones • IBM made the general design available to competing companies, resulting in many clones or “compatibles.” • Today, the term PC often refers to computers running Microsoft’s Windows operating system.

14. Review • Who created the first user-friendly computer? • Steve Jobs & Steve Wozniak • What term describes a computer design made available to other manufacturers? • Compatible or clone

15. Where are Computers Used?

16. What is a Computer Today? • Same as before… • Receives data (INPUT), processes data, stores data, produces a result (OUTPUT) • Computer includes: • Hardware • Software • Data • Peripherals

17. Computer System

18. Binary • The use of the binary number system with two values: 0 and 1. • 1= ON (electricity) • 0= OFF (no electricity) What Counting to Ten Looks Like Decimal: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 Binary: 0, 1, 10, 11, 100, 101, 110, 111, 1000, 1001, 1010

19. Review • What does PC stand for? • Personal computer • In binary, what does a 1 mean? • Voltage/electricity/On • Who is known as the father of computing? • Charles Babbage • What are the four things any computer does? • Receives data, processes data, outputs info, stores data • Who created the first user-friendly computer? • Apple (Steve Jobs & Wozniak)

20. Types of Computers Project • In groups of 2, make a poster… • Title of device • Big picture of device • It’s use & where it’s used • Cost ($, $$, $$$, $$$$) • Special Features • Desktop • Laptop/Notebook • Netbook • Tablets • Workstation • Servers • Handheld/Smartphone • Mainframe & Terminal • Super Computer • Embedded Computer • Music/Media Player • Game System • E-Book Reader Directions Types of Computers

21. Desktop • Personal computer- PC or MAC • Individual user • Come in case/monitor or all-in-one

22. Laptop/Notebook • PC or Mac • Portability • Use a battery • Touchpad or Pointing Device

23. Netbook (OLDER) • NOT laptop replacement • Made for travel • Basic • Check email • Web • Office • No Multitasking

24. Netbook (OLDER) • Lightweight & smaller • Less powerful than laptop • Small Screen • Longer battery • No CD/DVD • Low in RAM (1GB) • Windows XP/7 Basic

25. Tablets • PC in smaller size • Many functions of PC • Has memory, storage, CPU, touchscreen • Apps, Internet, Email • Android, iOS, Windows

26. Smartphone • Cell phone runs computer applications • Internet, camera, music, GPS, phone, email, text • Touchscreen or keyboard • Windows, iOS, Android

27. Other Mobile Devices • E-book reader • Portable music player • Handheld game device

28. Workstation • Multiple CPUs, lots of RAM, multiple, high-capacity drives • Video Editing, CAD, Animation, Scientific, CSI, X-Ray

29. Server • Performs functions for computers on a network (provides a service) • Hold Files • Handle Email • Web Site

30. Mainframe • Connected to thin clients/PC’s • Huge amounts of data processing • Banks, statistics • Hundreds of thousands $ • Large institutions & govt. • Airlines

31. Supercomputers • Large & fast • Perform BIG calc’s • Volumes of data • Millions of $$$ • Government • Military • Research Labs • NASA

32. Other Types of Computers? • Name some…

33. Review 1 • Managing an airline reservation & ticketing system would be best performed by which class of computer? • Mainframe • Which device would animators use to make CG effects for a movie? • Workstation • What is the fastest type of computer? • Supercomputer • Appliances have what kind of computer? • Embedded

34. Review 2 • What’s the biggest advantage of using a notebook? • Portability • T/F. A server is dedicated to sharing resources & data. • True • Which type of computer provides services to other PCs? • Servers • What device would have Android OS on it? • Smartphone or Tablet

35. Computing Fundamentals Unit 1- Recognizing Computers