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Computing Fundamentals

Computing Fundamentals. Unit 1- Recognizing Computers. Objectives. Understand the importance of computers Define computers & computer systems Classify different types of computers Identify system components Describe the role of the CPU Define computer memory

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Computing Fundamentals

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  1. Computing Fundamentals Unit 1- Recognizing Computers

  2. Objectives • Understand the importance of computers • Define computers & computer systems • Classify different types of computers • Identify system components • Describe the role of the CPU • Define computer memory • Describe how data is represented • Identify types of storage devices • Care for storage media

  3. What is a Computer? • A computer is a person, instrument, or machine that gathers, processes, and stores information.

  4. The Father of Computing • Charles Babbage • Designed a steam-powered calculator called the Difference Engine in 1821. • His next idea was the Analytical Engine (1856), designed to perform any kind of mathematical calculation.

  5. World War II • In 1943, the British built the first “Colossus” computer. • Used to decipher encrypted teleprinter messages sent by the Germans during World War II.

  6. Altair • The first computer that most individuals could afford was the Altair 8800, built in 1975 by MITS. • No keyboard or screen • Information was entered by clicking switches

  7. First User-Friendly Computer • Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak created the first user-friendly personal computer, called the Apple, with a built-in keyboard, display screen, and storage unit. • The term personal computer refers to a computer designed to be used by one person at a time.

  8. Attack of the Clones • In 1981, IBM introduced its version of the personal computer—the IBM PC. • IBM made the general design available to competing companies, resulting in many clones or “compatibles.” • Today, the term PC often refers to computers running Microsoft’s Windows operating system.

  9. What is a Computer? • Hardware • Software • Data • Output of information • Receives data, processes data, outputs information, stores data

  10. Binary • The use of the binary number system with two values: 0 and 1. • 1= ON (electricity) • 0= OFF (no electricity) What Counting to Ten Looks Like Decimal: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 Binary: 0, 1, 10, 11, 100, 101, 110, 111, 1000, 1001, 1010

  11. Review

  12. Types of Computers • Desktop • Laptop • Netbook • Tablets • Workstation • Servers • Handheld/Smartphone • Terminal • Mainframe • Super Computer

  13. Desktop • Personal computer- PC or MAC • AKA Microcomputer • Individual user

  14. Laptop • AKA Notebook • PC or Mac • Portability • Touchpad

  15. Netbook • NOT laptop replacement • Made for travel • Basic • Check email • Web • Office • No Multitasking

  16. Netbook • Lightweight & smaller • Less powerful than laptop • Small Screen • Longer battery • No CD/DVD • Low in RAM (1GB) • Windows XP/7 Basic

  17. Tablet PC • Form of notebook • Swivel Screen • Handwriting Stylus

  18. Tablets • PC in smaller size • Many functions of PC • Has memory, storage, CPU • Apps, Internet, Email • Android, WebOS, iOS

  19. Workstation • Multiple CPUs, lots of RAM, multiple, high-capacity drives • Video Editing, CAD, Animation, Scientific, CSI, X-Ray

  20. Server • Performs functions for computers on a network (provides a service) • Hold Files • Handle Email • Web Site

  21. Handheld/Smartphone • PDA / Smartphone • Personal Digital Assistant • AKA Pocket PC • Windows, iOS, WebOS, Android, Palm OS • Touch Screen • Can do email, web, Office, etc.

  22. Terminal • Data entering • Keyboard & Monitor • “Dumb” Terminal • Only performs functions when connected to larger system

  23. Mainframe • Connected to terminals • Bulk data processing • Banks, statistics • Hundreds of thousands $ • Large institutions & govt. • Airlines

  24. Supercomputers • Large & fast • Perform BIG calc’s • Volumes of data • Millions of $$$ • Government • Military • Research Labs • NASA

  25. Other Types of Computers? • Name some…

  26. Review 1 • Managing an airline reservation & ticketing system would be best performed by which class of computer? • Mainframe • Which computer only performs when connected to a larger computer? • Terminal • What’s another name for a desktop? • Microcomputer • Who is known as the father of computing? • Babbage

  27. Review 2 • What’s the biggest advantage of using a notebook? • Portability • T/F. A server is dedicated to sharing resources & data. • True • Which type of computer provides services to other PCs? • Servers • What device would have Palm/WebOS on it? • Handheld, PAD, Smartphone

  28. Computing Fundamentals Unit 1- Recognizing Computers

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