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WWII

WWII. 1939 - 1945. The Great Depression – Post-WWI. Following WWI, economies devastated from costs of war. Germany no longer could pay their debt from WWI to allies Britain & France couldn’t pay their debts to U.S. Agriculture suffered around the world Overproduction leads to lower prices

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WWII

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  1. WWII 1939 - 1945

  2. The Great Depression – Post-WWI • Following WWI, economies devastated from costs of war. • Germany no longer could pay their debt from WWI to allies • Britain & France couldn’t pay their debts to U.S. • Agriculture suffered around the world • Overproduction leads to lower prices • Stock Market crash in US in 1929

  3. Events Leading to WWII • Rise of fascist governments • Nationalists, single-party authoritarian regimes • Examples: Adolf Hitler – Germany; Benito Mussolini – Italy • Rise of military rule in Japan • Japan invades Manchuria to create buffer zone between Soviet Union (Russia) • 1937 – Japan invade parts of China; beginning of WWII in Asia • Germany & Italy rising to power • 1935 – Hitler begins to re-arm Germany • 1935 – Mussolini invades Ethiopia

  4. Germany taking territories…again • 1938 – Hitler unifies Austria w/ Germany • 1938 – Germany annexes the Sudetenland (west portion of Czechoslovakia where they speak German) • 1938 – Munich Conference Hitler pledges NOT to take any more territory; France & Britain take his word…(fools!) • 1939 – Germany annexes all of Czechoslovakia • 1939 – Hitler signs a non-aggression pact w/ Soviet Union • September 1, 1939 – Hitler attacks Poland – marks the beginning of WWII in Europe

  5. Let’s go Round 2! • Axis Powers • Germany • Italy (didn’t they switch sides before?) • Japan • Allied Powers • Great Britain • France • Soviet Union • (later on…the U.S.)

  6. Why does Japan bomb Pearl Harbor? • Because Japan took territories in Southeast Asia and attacked other areas (not to mention what side they were on!)…the US imposed an embargo act against Japan • December 7, 1941 – Japan attacks US fleet stationed in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii • This brings the US into WWII and joins the Allied powers. • Swings the momentum of the war from the Axis to the Allied powers

  7. Germany’s Mistake (Little Hitler’s mistake!) • Still fighting a “Two-Front War” (western & eastern front) • Hitler attempts to invade Russia…in the winter! • Cold, harsh Russian winter took its toll on German soldiers • Many lost their lives due to the weather • Germany forced to withdraw from Russia in 1942 • Soviet armies begin making their way through Eastern Europe and into Germany

  8. Ending the War • April 1945 - Allied Powers depose (forced to leave) Mussolini (Italy) from power • April 30, 1945 – Hitler commits suicide • May 1945 – Germany resigns • Ends the European “theater” of WWII

  9. What about Japan? • After Europe was won, Soviet Union assisted the US and the Allies against Japan • US uses the atomic bomb against Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki • August 1945 – Japan surrenders • Ends WWII in the Pacific “theater”…and for good!

  10. Peace Settlements • Yalta Conference – 1945 • Soviet Union agrees to join the war in exchange for territory in Manchuria & northern island of Japan • Divides Germany into 4 zones of occupation • Potsdam Conference – 1945 • Soviets control eastern Poland • Poland receives part of Eastern Germany • Divides Austria

  11. Post-WWII • United States occupied Japan • Korea divided into US & Soviet occupation zones • China regained most of its lost territory • Latvia, Lithuania, & Estonia became Soviet provinces • European world dominance ended • United Nations created in 1945 • US joins this time.  • World is left with 2 “superpowers” • United States & Soviet Union • This will lead to the “Cold War”

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