Adaptations to life

1. Adaptations to life

2. Sam - Chelsea Sam please move to Chelsea Vincent - Ashleigh Adaptations to life in the classroom Hayden - Leon Your new partners for the remainder of Biology 1 are as follows. Please move as requested. These will change again for Chemistry 1 (after half term break) Alice - Emily Balume - Fatima Balume please move to Fatima Russell - Dominic Russell please move to Dominic Farrah - Carys Carys please move to Farrah Tyron - Stephen Tryon please move to Stephen

3. STARTER Name an adaptation for these organisms

4. Learning objectives KQ: How can hair/fur help animals to survive in very cold climates? Know that • all living things have adaptations which help them to survive. These are not just physical but can be behavioural • There are dis/advantages to lots of body fat • animals adapted to cold environments are often large, with a small SA:V ratio and thick insulating layers of fur and fat. • animals adapted to hot, dry environments often have a large SA:V, thin fur, little body fat and behaviour patterns that avoid the heat during the day. • by changing their coat colour some organisms are always camouflaged

5. I know that all living things have adaptations which help them to survive Adaptations The larger the animal the smaller its surface area is when compared to its volume. • All organisms need food,water and nutrients to grow. • Environments, such as rainforests and coral reefs, are very different. • To grow well and produce offspring, an organism needs special features to survive in its habitat • We call these characteristics adaptations. Surface Area:Volume is the ratio of how big an animal is compared to how much space they take up! Why is this important?

6. Task 1: Adaptations • Divide the animals and plants into ‘hot’ and ‘cold’ environments. • Identify some common adaptations that each group have. ?

7. How can you identify the SA:V? If a penguin Stood in a box The size of the box would be 5cm length, width, depth What would be the surface area of such a box? What would be the volume of the same box? What is the SA:V ratio for this penguin? (5x5) x6 = 150 5x5x5 = 125 150:125 simplify 6:5

8. What did you find out about animals in cold environments? • Often large, • Small SA:V ratio • Thick insulating layers of fur • Small SA on ears • Thick layer of • blubber also used • as a source of • food

9. How can you identify the SA:V? If a fox Stood in a box The size of the box would be 1cm length, width, depth What would be the surface area of such a box? What would be the volume of the same box? What is the SA:V ratio for this penguin? (1x1) x6 = 6 1x1x1 = 1 6:1

10. What did you find out about animals in hot environments? • Have a large SA:V which helps them lose heat through their skin • Large and thin ears to help with larger SA • Little fur which is fine and silky so its easier to lose heat • Little body fat so its easier to lose body heat • behaviour patterns that avoid the heat during the day and are more active in cooler times of the day • Obtain the water they need from their food

11. What is the purpose of camouflage? By changing their coat colour some organisms are always camouflaged.

12. Make your own animal You have 3 mins planning time 2 mins gathering time 5 mins making time Then you and your partner will have an animal that you will need to explain an adaptation it has and to which environment (cold or hot)

13. PLENARY You and your partner have 30secs to explain where your animal lives and what its adaptation is

14. Learning objectives KQ: How can hair/fur help animals to survive in very cold climates? Know that • all living things have adaptations which help them to survive • There are advantages and disadvantages to lots of body fat • animals adapted to cold environments are often large, with a small SA:V ratio and thick insulating layers of fur and fat. • animals adapted to hot, dry environments often have a large SA:V, thin fur, little body fat and behaviour patterns that avoid the heat during the day. • by changing their coat colour some organisms are always camouflaged

15. EXTENSION SLIDES Animal adaptations in the Desert • Lizards are adapted to the desert….. • Their special features are …

16. Adaptations to the Ocean • Killer whales are adapted to the ocean….. • Their special features are …

17. Adaptations to the Ocean • Fish are adapted to the ocean….. • Their special features are …

18. Adaptations in a woodland • Which types of animals live I the woodland? • What features would they need to survive?

19. Task 4: Plant adaptations in the Desert • Plants like cacti have adaptations such as very deep or wide root systems to collect as much water as possible. • Plants that live in dry areas also need adaptations to reduce the amount of water they lose • They lose water through tiny holes (stomata) in their leaves when they make food by photosynthesis. • Draw a diagram and illustrate with words how plants are adapted to different environments

20. Summary task • Past exam question – what have you learnt???? • plants lose water by evaporation through leaves. • plants in dry areas have reduced surface area on their leaves and/or water storage tissues. KQ: How do plants store water to adapt to hot conditions?

21. Learning objectives • State materials organisms need from their surroundings to survive • Describe adaptations of some organisms to their environment • Explain how plants can survive in areas of limited water