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How to Draw Lewis Structures

Learn how to draw Lewis structures step-by-step, starting with identifying elements on the periodic table and determining their valence electrons. Each element in a group has a specific number of valence electrons, and this guide will help you visualize how to represent these electrons using dots around element symbols. You will practice with various elements including H, P, Ca, Ar, Br, and Al, allowing you to master the concept of valence electrons and their arrangement in Lewis dot structures.

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How to Draw Lewis Structures

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  1. How to Draw Lewis Structures

  2. Lewis Structures • Find your element on the periodic table. • Determine the number of valence electrons. • This is how many electrons you will draw.

  3. Lewis Structures • Find out which group (column) your element is in. • This will tell you the number of valence electrons your element has. Lewis dot structures are drawn showing only the valence electrons.

  4. Groups - Review Group 8 = 8 electrons Group 1 = 1 electron Except for He, it has 2 electrons Group 2 = 2 electrons • Each column is called a “group” 3,4,5,6,7 • Each element in a group has the same number of electrons in their outer orbital, also known as “shells”. • The electrons in the outer shell are called “valence electrons”

  5. Lewis Structures • Write the element symbol. • Carbon is in the 4th group, so it has 4 valence electrons. • Starting at the right, draw 4 electrons, or dots, counter-clockwise around the element symbol. C

  6. Lewis Structures • Electrons will be placed around the element symbol going counter clockwise. • 1st two together in the s orbital. • 3rd 4th 5th by themselves in p orbitals • 6th, 7thand 8thpair up in the open p orbital. Py orbital Px orbital 3 6 X 7 1 S orbital 4 2 5 8 Pz orbital

  7. Lewis Structures On your worksheet, try these elements on your own: • H • P • Ca • Ar • Br • Al C

  8. Lewis Structures On your worksheet, try these elements on your own: • H • P • Ca • Ar • Br • Al H

  9. Lewis Structures On your worksheet, try these elements on your own: • H • P • Ca • Ar • Br • Al P

  10. Lewis Structures On your worksheet, try these elements on your own: • H • P • Ca • Ar • Br • Al Ca

  11. Lewis Structures On your worksheet, try these elements on your own: • H • P • Ca • Ar • Br • Al Ar

  12. Lewis Structures On your worksheet, try these elements on your own: • H • P • Ca • Ar • Br • Al Br

  13. Lewis Structures On your worksheet, try these elements on your own: • H • P • Ca • Ar • Br • Al Al

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