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The Executive Branch

This comprehensive overview covers the U.S. Executive Branch, focusing on the presidency's origins, qualifications, and powers. It explores the constitutional framework established during the Constitutional Convention and significant amendments like the 22nd and 25th. The role of the Vice President and the process of presidential elections, including primaries, caucuses, and the Electoral College, are detailed. Additionally, the text examines federal bureaucracy's role in policy implementation and key legislation such as the Pendleton Act and Hatch Act.

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The Executive Branch

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Presentation Transcript

  1. The Executive Branch Ch. 8, 9 & 13

  2. The Presidency • Roots of the Office • Constitutional Convention • The need for a leader • Qualifications for office • Natural born citizen of the United States • Resident of the U.S. for at least 14 years • 35 years old

  3. The Presidency • Terms of Office • Precedence set by George Washington • 22nd Amendment • Removal • Impeachment • Succession • 25th Amendment

  4. The Presidency • The Vice President • Official “stand-in” for the president • Presides over the Senate • “Mondale” model

  5. The Presidency • Constitutional Powers • Article II: expressed • Appointment power • Convene Congress • Make treaties • Veto power • Commander in Chief • Pardoning power State of the Union Address January 2010

  6. The Executive Branch • Article II • Executive Office of the President • Includes several advisory and policy making agencies • National Security Council, etc… • White House Staff • Personal assistants to the president

  7. The Executive Branch • Office of Management and Budget • Key responsibilities • Prepare annual budget proposal • Economic forecasts • Reviews progress, budget and program proposals by executive agencies

  8. The Public and the President • Public Opinion • Watergate (U.S. v. Nixon 1974)

  9. The Public and the President • Approval Ratings

  10. Presidential Elections • Primary Elections • Closed v. open • General Elections • Elections that decide which candidates will actually fill the elective public office

  11. Presidential Elections • Caucus vs. Primary • Caucus • Oldest, most party-oriented method of choosing a candidate; a closed meeting • Primary • Open to anyone • Help nominate more moderate and appealing candidates

  12. Party Conventions • Held in the summer of election years • July: out of power party • August: White House party

  13. The Electoral College • Electors for each state • # of representatives (+) # of senators • Electors cast the final ballot which actually elects the president • Usually chosen by popular vote or state legislatures • May not be a senator, representative or other person holding a federal office • 538: need 270 votes to win

  14. The Electoral College • 12th Amendment • Election of 1800 • Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr

  15. The Federal Bureaucracy • The “4th” branch of government • Thousands of federal government agencies and institutions • IRS, Cabinet, FDIC, Social Security, etc… • Who are bureaucrats? • Career government employees • Selected by merit standards • Pendleton Act (1883) • Government workers and politics • Hatch Act • Federal Employees Political Act

  16. Policy Making • A major function of bureaucrats • Implementation of law or policy • Iron triangles AARP House Subcommittee on Aging Social Security Administration

  17. Alternatives to Iron Triangles • Issue Networks • Loose and informal relationships among those who work in broad policy areas • Constantly changing • Interagency Councils

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