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Asian Ceramics: Innovations in Kiln Design and Glaze Technology

Explore the remarkable achievements of Asian ceramics through inventive kiln designs, advanced glaze technologies, and unique aesthetic concepts. Delve into China's innovative kiln design ideas, such as adjusting heat distribution for stronger pottery and creating stacking solutions with "pot foot" and saggar inventions. Discover the evolution of kilns in Japan, including the multi-chambered naborigama. Delight in the historical significance of Chinese glazes, from ash and lead to feldspathic contributions, and the excellence of various glaze types during the Song and Ming dynasties. This comprehensive overview highlights the rich heritage and advancements in Asian ceramic artistry.

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Asian Ceramics: Innovations in Kiln Design and Glaze Technology

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  1. Chapter 3: Asia China Japan Korea

  2. What are the primary accomplishments of Asian ceramics?IDEAS • Kiln Design • Glaze technology • Aesthetics

  3. What are the unique ideas the Chinese have about kiln design? • Heat rises, build on hill. • Single chamber takes a lot of fuel, make smaller chambers. • Pots need to be fired hotter to be stronger. • Invent “pot foot” so pots can be stacked on top of each other. • Invent saggar so wood ash doesn’t mar pottery and can be stacked on top of each other.

  4. China has an abundance of stoneware and porcelain. These types of clay have to be fired hotter to get stronger. They experimented with every style of kiln. They developed the anagama, also known as a serpent kiln. It has a single chamber and it “snakes” up the hill.

  5. Subsequent kiln developments • Ash made a mess of highly decorated pots so they started making saggars. • Anagamas require a lot of wood to fire so they experimented with kiln design and came up with multi-chambered kilns that the Japanese call naborigama.

  6. Anagama or naborigama?

  7. Kiln features that we still have. • Down draft vs updraft • Flue – opening to chimney or opening at top • Damper – Gate that controls opening of flue • Saggars, shelves, furniture, posts, • peep holes • Reduction vs Oxidation firing tied to glazes

  8. Glaze Technology Ash glaze was the first real glaze. Ash is deposited on the pots because they are wood fired. Lead glazes were common in the Han (green) and Tang Dynasty (3 color/sankai) Feldspathic glazes were greatest contribution. These are glazes made by grinding rock and suspending in water.

  9. China has made notable contributions through out its long history

  10. Song dynasty = Golden Age of Ceramics • Forms were simple and elegant, surface decoration was minimal. Glazes were superb. • Ash • Tenmoku • Chun • Celadon • Crackle • Color – overglaze, yellow • Porcelain clay at highest peak • Ming Dynasty – export ware, blue & white & bright, diverse color, overglaze, enamels

  11. Panshan China 2500BC

  12. Porcelain Jar Korean 1800

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