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Earth Materials. SGI Lesson 2 By: Mrs. Bochert. Scenario.
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Earth Materials SGI Lesson 2 By: Mrs. Bochert
Scenario In our previous lesson, you discovered that by simply observing the properties of minerals, you cannot always determine its true identity. Last night I called the geologist and described your observations. The geologist told me that one of your minerals could be quartz. He told me that quartz is white. I told him that three of our minerals are white. I asked which one could be quartz if three were white. He told me that one test geologists use to help solve this type of problem is called a “scratch test” to check the “hardness” of minerals. He came over to my house and showed me how to conduct the scratch test to help determine the hardness of minerals. He also told me that quartz is one of the hardest of the common minerals on the earth. What do we need to find out?
Word Wall Mineral: basic earth materials that make up rocks and cannot be physically broken down further.
Focus Question: How can we use the scratch test to determine which mineral is the hardest (quartz)?”
Prediction I think that if we …
Class Prediction: I think that if we scratch the minerals, the hardest mineral will be quartz and it will have the smallest scratch.
What the geologist told me: The geologist also contacted me last night and showed me how to do a scratch test. He suggested that we practice doing a scratch test before we actually perform it with our minerals. He left some tools to help us practice: a penny, a paper clip, a piece of chalk, a hand lens and a tile.
Practice Scratch He suggested that we start by using the paper clip to scratch the piece of chalk and the tile. Use your fingers to rub away any dust or surface marks. Use your hand lens to check for a scratch. What did you observe? Which was harder the chalk or the tile? How do you know?
Practicing continued… Now try the penny and the paperclip to scratch the chalk and the tile. Which is harder the chalk or the tile? How do you know?
Can you put these practice test objects in order of hardness from hardest to softest? chalk, tile, paperclip, penny
Can you put these practice test objects in order of hardness from hardest to softest? 1. Tile 2. Paperclip 3. Penny 4. Chalk
Session 2: Data Chart Design a chart to record the results of our scratch test for each mineral in your notebooks. We will use the following tools to scratch the minerals. (paperclip, penny, and fingernail)
Complete Your Own Claims and Evidence OTHER HELPFUL INFORMATION THE GEOLOGIST TOLD ME: * The geologist said that gypsum was the softest of your four minerals. She also told me that calcite is softer than fluorite. The hardest was quartz.
Class Claims and Evidence OTHER HELPFUL INFORMATION THE GEOLOGIST TOLD ME: * The geologist said that gypsum was the softest of your four minerals. She also told me that calcite is softer than fluorite.
Conclusion Change your focus question into a declarative sentence. Instead of : How can we use the scratch test to determine which mineral is the hardest (quartz)? Take out the word “how” and it will begin like: We can use the scratch test to determine which mineral is the hardest (quartz) by…
Next Questions: This is where you think about the questions you still have after today’s lesson. What if…? What about…? I wonder… ? I want to know more about…? A new question I have now is… ?
Assessment Rubric Click on the link to take you to the rubric. You will have to scroll down to pg. 8. How thorough were you with your science journal?
