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Cell Structure And Function

Cell Structure And Function. Cell: the smallest unit of life. Cell Theory. All organisms are made of cells All existing cells are produced by other living cells. The cell is the most basic unit of life. Prokaryotic cells. Simple cells No nucleus Ex: bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus.

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Cell Structure And Function

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  1. CellStructure And Function

  2. Cell: the smallest unit of life

  3. Cell Theory All organisms are made of cells All existing cells are produced by other living cells. The cell is the most basic unit of life.

  4. Prokaryotic cells • Simple cells • No nucleus • Ex: bacteria Staphylococcus aureus

  5. Prokaryotic Cell

  6. Enterococcus faecalis Bacteria E Coli Bacteria

  7. Eukaryotic Cells • More complex • Have a true nucleus • Make up all living cells other than bacteria

  8. Eukaryotic Cell

  9. Nervecell Hair Cell Fingernail Nerve Cell White and Red Blood Cells

  10. Similarities and differences between the Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

  11. Cell Movement Cells use three different methods to move themselves or debris

  12. Flagella: long hairlike filaments used by some prokaryotes to move

  13. Flagellum

  14. Cilia: short hairlike projections that some cells use for movement

  15. Pseudopod: false foot

  16. Picture Quiz • Identify the cells as prokaryotic or eukaryotic.

  17. Eukaryotic- Mushroom Cell

  18. Eukaryotic- Red blood cells

  19. Prokaryotic- Lactobacilli bacteria

  20. Eukaryotic- fish egg cell

  21. Prokaryotic- MRSA

  22. Prokaryotic- Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria

  23. Eukaryotic- Fern leaf cell

  24. Eukaryotic- taste bud cell

  25. Eukaryotic- Osteocyte (bone cell)

  26. Eukaryotic- cartilage cells

  27. Cell Organelles • Specialized cell parts that carry out many different processes and functions.

  28. Cell membrane • Barrier around the cell that controls what goes in and out • Security Guard

  29. Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell • Controls most of the cell’s processes • Stores DNA • Control center or ‘brain’

  30. Nucleolus • Darker portion inside the nucleus that produces ribosomes

  31. Cytoplasm (cytosol) • Jelly-like fluid inside the cell where metabolic processes occur

  32. Ribosome • Small organelles that float in the cytoplasm or on the ER that build proteins • Cell workers

  33. Endoplasmic Reticulum • Produces and transports materials such as proteins • Assembly line

  34. Golgi Apparatus (Golgi body) • Packages and distributes proteins and lipids • Shipping and handling department

  35. Lysosome • Stores enzymes and removes worn-out organelles. Mainly in animal cells. • Waste disposal unit

  36. Mitochondria • Provides energy for the cell • Powerhouse or powerplant

  37. Cytoskeleton • Thin protein fibers that helps keep the cell’s shape

  38. Centrioles • Only found in animal cells that are important for cell division

  39. Cell wall • Found only in plant and fungus cells. • Provides extra shape, support and protection.

  40. Chloroplast • Found only in plant cell. They contain chlorophyll used for photosynthesis

  41. Vacuole • Stores water, salts, and wastes. Plants have larger ones • Storage unit

  42. Differences Between Plant and Animal Cells

  43. Cellular Differentiation • 250 different kinds of cells in the human body • Through cellular differentiation, different types of cells are created to carry out specific tasks or functions. • In animals the “starter” cells that differentiate are called stem cells • In plants those cells are called meristematic cells

  44. Cellular Organization Cells Tissues Organs Organ Systems Organisms

  45. Image References • http://tissupath.com.au/medical-student-subjects-skin/ • http://www.acceleratedstudynotes.com/ib/biology-ib/ib-biology-eukaryotic-cells/ • http://www.phschool.com/science/biology_place/biocoach/plants/tissue.html • http://michelleburden.weebly.com/levels-of-organization.html • http://www.interactive-biology.com/3956/anatomy-of-the-plant-cell-vs-a-human-cell/ • http://www.recredible.com/view/biology/77 • http://bms.westfordk12.us/pages/teams/7green/cells/grouph/Hcellwall.html • http://www.buzzle.com/articles/centriole-function.html • https://twitter.com/cytoskeleton69 • http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/mitochondria/mitochondria.html • http://bio1151.nicerweb.com/Locked/media/ch06/Golgi.html • http://genius.com/2607907/Biology-genius-cell-organelles/Endoplasmic-reticulum • http://thecellorganelles.weebly.com/rough--smooth-endoplasmic-reticulum.html • http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/316287/view • http://www.kbalab.com/portfolio/outer-hair-cell/ • http://webpages.shepherd.edu/blidgerd/course_descriptions.htm • https://www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/boundless-biology-textbook/cell-structure-4/prokaryotic-cells-59/characteristics-of-prokaryotic-cells-312-11445/ • http://www.extension.org/pages/28432/staphylococcus-aureus#.Vb5UOkL5NUQ • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_coli • https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Enterococcus_faecalis_SEM_01.png • https://www.reddit.com/r/RealMicroscopicLife • http://biologos.org/blog/bacterial-flagellum-appearances-can-be-deceiving • http://www.turbosquid.com/Search/Index.cfm?keyword=flagella • http://www.sciencefriday.com/segment/07/22/2011/video-pick-engineering-artificial-cilia.html • http://bio1151.nicerweb.com/Locked/media/ch28/amoeba.html

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