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Gerunds and Infinitives

Gerunds and Infinitives. Form and Uses. Form. Gerund: you add –ing to a verb: ie. Meet > Meeting Infinitive: you add “to” before the base form of a verb: ie. Meet > To meet. Uses: the gerund. We use the gerund: After some verbs :

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Gerunds and Infinitives

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  1. Gerunds and Infinitives Form and Uses

  2. Form • Gerund: you add –ing to a verb: • ie. Meet > Meeting • Infinitive: you add “to” before the base form of a verb: • ie. Meet > To meet

  3. Uses: the gerund • We use the gerund: • After some verbs: • Suggest, recommend, like/dislike/prefer, love/hate, enjoy, finish, miss, continue, avoid, go+activity, risk, keep. • ie. I suggested going to the cinema (Propuse ir al cine)

  4. Uses: the gerund • In some expressions: • Feel like (Tener ganas de) • It´s no use (No merece la pena) • Get used to / Be used to (Estar acostumbrandose / Estar acostumbrado) • Can´t stand (No poder soportar) • Can´t help (No poder evitar) • Don´t mind (no importar) • ie. I don´t mind cleaning my room

  5. Uses: the gerund • As subject in a sentence when we talk about general actions • ie. Finding solutions to some problems is not easy (Encontrar soluciones a algunos problemas no es fácil)

  6. Uses: the gerund • After prepositions • ie. I´m interested in studying maths • By (to say how to do something): You can get to sleep by wearing this watch-like gadget • For (to describe the function or purpose of something): It’s a gadget for opening bottles. • After, before, …

  7. Uses: the infinitive + TO • After some verbs, such as: • Want / wish / hope / expect • Agree • Appear / seem • Choose / Continue • Decide • Learn /manage • Plan • Promise /ask /prepare / pretend • Refuse ie. I want to travel around the country next year

  8. Uses: the infinitive + TO • After some adjectives and adverbs • Happy to • Slowly to • ie. I´m happy to be here / He ran too slowly to win

  9. Uses: the infinitive + TO • After the indirect object of some verbs, such as: ADVISE, INVITE, TELL, WARN, TEACH, PERSUADE • ie. He advised me to go to the doctor (Me aconsejó que fuese al médico) • His mother wants him to tidy his bedroom. (Su madre quiere que él ordene su habitación) • The teacher is asking us to sing a song. (La profesora nos está pidiendo que cantemos una canción)

  10. Uses: the infinitive without TO • Verbs related to perception (HEAR, FEEL, SEE,…) and MAKE / LET are followed by infinitive without to • ie. I saw Eric leave the office / Their parents make themclean their room

  11. VERBS FOLLOWED BY EITHER A GERUND OR AN INFINITIVE • Begin • Propose (proponer) • Forbid • Intend (tener la intención de) • ie.They started answering the letter / They started toanswer the letter

  12. VERBS WITH A CHANGE OF MEANING • Stop gerund = stop doing something that you are doing • Stop infinitive = stop doing something that you are doing to start another activity • ie. He stopped going out with Mary (Dejó de salir con Mary) / He stopped tohave a coffee (Paró para tomar un café)

  13. VERBS WITH A CHANGE OF MEANING • Remember gerund = an action in the past • Remember infinitive = an action in the future • I remember meeting him at a party / I remembered to close the window

  14. VERBS WITH A CHANGE OF MEANING • Forget gerund = we have forgotten something that happened • Forget infinitive = we have forgotten something we had to do • ie. I forgot seeing him at a party / I forgot to close the door

  15. VERBS WITH A CHANGE OF MEANING • Try gerund = do something to see what happens • Try infinitive = attempt something difficult • ie. Patiens who tried having acupuncture had fewer headaches. / He tried to stop smoking last year

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