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Gerunds and Infinitives

Gerunds and Infinitives. Quando usamos dois verbos juntos na língua inglesa, nem sempre o segundo aparece no infinitivo. Quem determina a forma que será adotada pelo segundo verbo é o primeiro e, infelizmente, não há nenhuma regra para nos ajudar.

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Gerunds and Infinitives

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  1. Gerunds and Infinitives

  2. Quando usamos dois verbos juntos na língua inglesa, nem sempre o segundo aparece no infinitivo. Quem determina a forma que será adotada pelo segundo verbo é o primeiro e, infelizmente, não há nenhuma regra para nos ajudar.

  3. Após alguns verbos, incluindo enjoy, don’tmind, dislike, can’t stand, finish, imagine, giveup, go, suggest, can’t help, epractice, nós precisamos usar um gerúndio (-ing) Ex1: Diego hasgoneswimming. Ex2: Sara doesn’tmindwalking to schooleveryday. Ex3: I can’t imagine nothaving a hose to live in. Após alguns verbos, incluindo want, agree, need, would like, hope, promise, refuse, expect, try, decide, learn, plan, intendeseem, nós precisamos usar to + infinitivo. Ex1: Sara hopes to goto the US next year. Ex2: Joe refused to do his homework. Ex3: I always seem to get it wrong.

  4. Após os verbos like, love, hate, begin, start, continue e prefer, podemos usar um gerundOU to + infinitive. Ex1: I likelistening to music. = I like to listening to music. Ex2: He loveswalking in themountains. = He loves to walk in the ... Ex3: Alex begancookingat 6pm. = Alex began to cookat 6pm.

  5. Alguns verbos podem ser seguidos por to + infinitive, porém o significado se altera. Os mais comuns são regret, remembere stop. STOP SMOKING = parar de fumar STOP TO SMOKE = parar para fumar REMEMBER READING = lembrar de ter lido REMEMBER TO READ = não se esquecer de ler REGRET INFORMING = arrependo-me de ter informado REGRET TO INFORM THAT… = sinto informar que…

  6. OUTROS USOS DO GERÚNDIO Usa-se o gerúndio: 1. Como substantivo: Singing is herfavorite hobby.(Cantar é o "hobby" preferido dela.) Swimming is good for you. (Nadar é saudável.) Sleeping is hisfavoritepastime.(Dormir é o seu passatempo favorito.)

  7. 2. Após preposições:*Após uma preposição (about, against, at, in, of, for, on, after, before, etc.), o verbo vem sempre na forma -ing. Afterresting I'll make the bed. (Depois que eu descansar vou arrumar a cama.) Without knowing what to do, I went home earlier. (Sem saber o que fazer, fui para casa mais cedo.) Beforeopening the letter, she took a deep breath. (Antes de abrir a carta, ela respirou fundo.) You can save 10% by booking on the internet. (Você pode economizar 10% reservando pela internet.)

  8. USOS DO INFINITIVO COM TO 1. Após the first, the second, the third, the last, the only,the next, etc: I was the first to arrive this morning. (Fui o primeiro a chegar hoje de manhã.) He is always the last to get up the bed.(Ele é sempre o último a levantar da cama.) 2. Após o verbo to be: The most important thing now is to find a solution to the problem. (O mais importante agora é encontrar uma solução para o problema.) The main thing is to relax. (O principal é relaxar.)

  9. 3. Para indicar a finalidade, com que propósito se faz ou se quer algo: I'd like something to stop my toothache.(Gostaria de alguma coisa para parar minha dor de dente.) Have you got the key to open this door? (Você pegou a chave para abrir a porta?) I need some more books to read.(Preciso de mais alguns livros para ler.)

  10. Practice • Gerund or to + infinitive? • I can’t stand like everyone else. (look) • I don’t like dubbed foreign movies. (watch) • We would like to a salsa competition. (go) • People need cultures which are different from their own. (respect) • I prefer Japanese street fashions. (wear) • Everyone wants Havaianas sandals. (have) • I don’t mind you choose something to eat later. (help) • He agreed me his new CDs for the party. (lend)

  11. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs. • I’ll never forget my girl for the first time. • She agreed him to write his essay. • I tried the marathon, but it was too difficult. • Have you considered a job? • The man admitted the ring from the department store. • 6. Stop ! complain – finish – get – help – meet – steal

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