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The Circulatory System

The Circulatory System. The Heart. Heart: an organ made of cardiac muscle that pumps blood throughout the body Made of four parts called chambers The two upper chambers are called the left and right atriums The two lower chambers are called the left and right ventricles

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The Circulatory System

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  1. The Circulatory System

  2. The Heart • Heart: an organ made of cardiac muscle that pumps blood throughout the body • Made of four parts called chambers • The two upper chambers are called the left and right atriums • The two lower chambers are called the left and right ventricles • A valve separates each atrium from the ventricle below it • Blood flows from an atrium to a ventricle; then from the ventricle into a blood vessel • A wall between the two atriums or the two ventricles keeps blood rich in oxygen separate from blood low in oxygen

  3. Blood • Blood: a type of connective tissue made of red blood cells, white blood ells, platelets, and plasma • Plasma is the liquid part of blood • Red blood cells carry oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients • White blood cells help the body fight infection • Platelets are cells parts that help blood clot

  4. Types of Circulation • The circulatory system has three sections • Coronary circulation • Pulmonary circulation • Systemic circulation • Coronary circulation: the flow of blood to and from the tissues of the heart • If it is blocked, it can result in a heart attack

  5. Pulmonary Circulation • Is the flow of blood through the heart to the lungs and back to the heart • Blood that returns from the body moves through the right side of the heart and to the lungs • This blood contains gaseous wastes from the body’s cells • In the lungs, these wastes move out of the blood, and oxygen moves into the blood • The oxygen-rich blood returns to the left side of the heart • Oxygen-rich blood is pumped from the left ventricle into the aorta • The aorta is the largest artery in the body

  6. Systemic Circulation • A process that moves oxygen-rich blood to all the organs and body tissues and moves oxygen poor blood back to the heart • Oxygen-rich blood flows away from the heart through the arteries and delivers oxygen and nutrients to the body cells • The blood returns to the heart through the veins

  7. Blood Vessels • Blood vessels: carry blood to every part of the body • Arteries: blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart • They have thick, elastic walls made of connective tissue and smooth muscle tissue • Veins: blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart • They have one-way valves that keep blood moving toward the heart • Capillaries: small, thin-walled blood vessels that connect arteries and veins • The thin walls allow nutrients and gases to pass easily between blood and body cells

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