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During the late 1800s and early 1900s, many Americans migrated to cities seeking factory jobs. The workforce included women in sweatshops and men in factories, leading to resentment towards immigrant workers who accepted lower wages. Settlement houses emerged to assist the poor with education and medical care. This period also saw the rise of leisure activities such as sports and entertainment, contributing to a cultural shift. Innovations in transportation and higher education transformed urban life, while immigration patterns shaped American society during this dynamic era.
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Chapter 20 Social Studies
Why did people move to cities in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s? • People moved to the cities to find jobs at factories.
What type of work did people do in the cities? • Women worked in sweatshops • Men worked in factories
Why did Americans begin to resent immigrant workers? • Immigrants worked for less money than Americans. • They began taking American peoples’ jobs because they worked cheaper.
What was the purpose in the YMCA? • Children met and played there
What are ways that people spent their free time in the late 1800’s/early 1900’s? • Reading • Watching sports • Circuses • Vaudeville shows • Nickelodeons
What services did settlement houses give to the poor? • Taught English language classes • Provided playgrounds for children • Provided medical care
What did John Dewey believe about education? • It should relate to the interests, concerns, and problems of students
Describe a tenement. • Apartment building • Many people share dark rooms • No hot water • No bathtubs • No electricity • Filthy
Where was jazz music developed? • New Orleans
Who invented moving pictures? • Thomas Edison
Where were moving pictures played? • Nickelodeons
What was one result of better education? • People enjoyed reading books, newspapers, and magazines.
What did the Morrill Act do? • Gave states free land that they could sell in order to have money to build colleges with.
Why did people emigrate from their home countries? • Hope for a better life • Drought • persecution
What types of transportation developed in this time period? • Street cars • Cable-cars • Trolley-cars • subways
What made it easier for people to travel from one city to another? • Bridges • Paved roads
Describe the conditions on a ship’s steerage. • Crowded • Smelly • dark
Who built parks? • Frederick Law Olmsted
What was the result in overcrowding in the tenements? • Gangs and theft
What is Ellis Island? • A processing center for immigrants in New York Harbor
What is Angel Island? • A processing center for immigrants in San Francisco Bay
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act? • It stopped Chinese workers from entering the U.S for 10 years. • The Act was renewed 2 times. • Chinese workers were kept out of the U.S. for 30 years total.
What is the Gentleman’s Agreement? • Made between Japan and the U.S. • Stated that Japan would LIMIT the number of immigrants coming to America if Americans would treat Japanese citizens fairly.
What did Booker T. Washington found? • The Tuskegee Institute
How was society as a whole changing during the late 1800’s/early1900’s? • More Americans were getting an education. • Americans fell in love with Reading. • Americans began to watch sports events, attend plays, vaudeville shows, and moving pictures at nickelodeons.
What is the only original American sport created by James Naismith? Where was this played? • Basketball • YMCA