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Early 19c Industrialization in America: The Market Revolution

Early 19c Industrialization in America: The Market Revolution. Mark Matthews Carmel Middle School Carmel, IN . ESSENTIAL QUESTION:. What were the results of early 19c industrialization in America?. New Inventions: "Yankee Ingenuity". Resourcefulness & Experimentation.

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Early 19c Industrialization in America: The Market Revolution

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  1. Early 19c Industrialization in America: The Market Revolution Mark MatthewsCarmel Middle School Carmel, IN

  2. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: What were the results of early 19c industrialization in America?

  3. New Inventions: "Yankee Ingenuity"

  4. Resourcefulness & Experimentation • Americans were willing to try anything. • They were first copiers, theninnovators. 1800  41 patents were approved. 1860 4,357 “ “ “

  5. Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin, 1791 Actually invented by a slave!

  6. OliverEvans First automated flour mill First prototype of the locomotive

  7. Samuel Slater(“Father of the Factory System”)

  8. Slater Mill

  9. The Lowell/Waltham System:First Dual-Purpose Textile Plant Francis Cabot Lowell’s town - 1814

  10. Lowell Mill

  11. Lowell Girls What was their typical “profile?”

  12. Early “Union” Newsletter

  13. I’m a Factory Girl Filled with Wishes I'm a factory girlEveryday filled with fearFrom breathing in the poison airWishing for windows!I'm a factory girlTired from the 13 hours of work each dayAnd we have such low payWishing for shorten work times!I'm a factory girlNever having enough time to eatNor to rest my feetWishing for more free time!I'm a factory girlSick of all this harsh conditionsMaking me want to sign the petition!So do what I ask for because I am a factory girlAnd I'm hereby speaking for all the rest!

  14. New EnglandTextileCenters:1830s

  15. New England Dominance in Textiles

  16. The Transportation Revolution

  17. Erie Canal, 1820s Begun in 1817; completed in 1825

  18. Robert Fulton & the Steamboat 1807: The Clermont

  19. Gibbons V. Ogden reached the Supreme Court in 1824, the Courtreinforced the federal government’s authority to regulate trade between the states byending monopolistic control over waterwaysin several states. The ruling freed up waters to even greater trade and shipping. 

  20. Principal Canals in 1840

  21. The “Iron Horse” Wins! (1830) 1830  13 miles of track built by Baltimore & Ohio RRBy 1850  9000 mi. of RR track [1860  31,000 mi.]

  22. Clipper Ships

  23. Inventions • What do you think is the most important invention in your lifetime? • In the past 50 years? • Of all time?

  24. Top Ten Inventions 10. Paper 5. Medicine 9. Compass 4. Engines 8.Refrigeration 3. Wheel 7. Printing Press 2. Communications 6. Plumbing 1. Electricity

  25. Cyrus McCormick& the Mechanical Reaper: 1831

  26. John Deere & the Steel Plow(1837)

  27. Samuel F. B. Morse 1840 – Telegraph

  28. Cyrus Field & the Transatlantic Cable, 1858

  29. Elias Howe & Isaac Singer 1840sSewing Machine

  30. The Northern Industrial "Juggernaut"

  31. With steam power, factories could move anywhere. No need for being on a river

  32. Distribution of Wealth • During the American Revolution,45% of all wealth in the top 10% ofthe population. • 1845 Boston  top 4% owned over 65% of the wealth. • 1860 Philadelphia  top 1% owned over 50% of the wealth. • The gap between rich and poor was widening!

  33. What's Happening in America by the 1850s?

  34. Regional Specialization EAST Industrial SOUTH Cotton & Slavery WEST The Nation’s “Breadbasket”

  35. American Population Centers in 1820 1.New York 123,000 2.Philadelphia 64,000 3.Baltimore 62,000 4.Boston 43,000 5.New Orleans 27,000 6. Charleston, SC 25,000

  36. American Population Centers in 1860 New York 813,000 Philadelphia 555,000 Brooklyn 266,000 Baltimore 212,000 Boston 177,000 New Orleans 168,000 Cincinnati 161,000

  37. 2010 Census • New York 8,175,000 • Los Angeles 3,792,000 • Chicago 2,695,000 • Houston 2,099,000 • Philadelphia 1,526,000 • Phoenix 1,455,000 • San Antonio 1,327,000 • San Diego 1,307,000 9. Dallas 10.San Jose 11. Austin 12. Jacksonville 13. Indianapolis 14. San Francisco 15. Columbus

  38. National Origin of Immigrants:1820 - 1860 Why now?

  39. Changing Occupation Distributions:1820 - 1860

  40. ECONOMIC? POLITICAL? The results of early 19c industrialization in America? SOCIAL? FUTUREPROBLEMS?

  41. Economic Development 3 Types of Economies: Market: private ownership of the means of production (farms, factories) Command: government controls the means of production (Communism, for example) Developing: not yet industrialized but developing

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