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WAR

WAR.

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WAR

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  1. WAR EZ fer war, I call it murder,-- 
There you hev it plain an' flat; 
I don't want to go no furder 
Than my Testyment fer that.... 
They may talk o' Freedom's airy 
Tell they'er pupple in the face,-- 
It's a grand gret cemetary 
Fer the barthrights of our race; 
They jest want this Californy 
So's to lug new slave-states in 
To abuse ye, an' scorn ye, 
An' to plunder ye like sin. 
 by: James Russell Lowell (1819-1891 reprinted from The Early Poems Including the Biglow Papers James Russell Lowell. New York: A.L. Burt, 1900

  2. ‘49ers to CALIFORNIA Gold discovered on this site in CA in January 1848

  3. ‘49ers to CALIFORNIA Sites of goldfields in Northern California

  4. ‘49ers to CALIFORNIA Gold miners came from around the world to get rich... ...most didn’t

  5. ‘49ers to CALIFORNIA By 1850, California was encouraged to apply for statehood to help bring about law and order

  6. ‘49ers to CALIFORNIA • Problem: 16 FREE states but 15 slave states • Imbalance in the Senate • Laws against slavery; • Southerners will not agree to this

  7. Compromise of 1850 Kentucky Senator Henry Clay, of the “Old Guard” introduced his last great compromise for his nation

  8. Clay’s Compromise of 1850 California admitted as FREE state Popular sovereignty DC allows slaves BUT slave trade is banned TX loses land, but gets debts paid

  9. Clay’s Compromise of 1850 ...the Southerners got their long wished-for law... a STRICTfederal FUGITIVE SLAVE Law All Northerners were requiredby law to help return runaway slaves and cooperate with slave catchers

  10. Compromise of 1850 South Carolina Senator, John C. Calhoun, also of the “Old Guard”, strongly opposed California’s admittance and compromise. He threatened secession. His last great speech is read by a fellow Southerner. He died soon after saying, “The South! The South! What will become of her!

  11. Compromise of 1850 Eloquent “Old Guard” New Englander, Daniel Webster, promoted the Compromise of 1850 with his last great speech. He was for Compromise and against legislating over slavery (believing that slavery was unsuited for the West). “Let us not be pygmies in a case that calls for men.”

  12. Compromise of 1850 This Seventh of March speechturned many Northerners (like bankers and businessmen) toward compromise, but abolitionists and Free-Soilers attacked him as a traitor.

  13. Compromise of 1850 Ardent Quaker abolitionist poet, John Greenleaf Whittier wrote about Webster, “So fallen! So lost! The light withdrawn Which once he wore! The glory from his gray hairs gone For evermore!

  14. Compromise of 1850 One of the “Young Guard”, NY Senator William Seward was the eloquent speaker for radical abolitionists. He was against concession, believing Free California should be admitted into the Union without “gifts” to the South.

  15. Compromise of 1850 In his argument Seward said, “Christian legislators must obey God’s moral law”…and exclude slavery in obedience to an even“higher law” than the Constitution”. “Higher Law” Seward influenced President Taylor who also just wanted CA to become a state without any other agreement

  16. Compromise of 1850 Young Illinois Senator, Stephen A. Douglas, takes Henry Clay’s compromise and splits it up into 7 separate laws. In this manner, it is passed through Congress and becomes federal law.

  17. Compromise of 1850 President Zachary Taylor, hero of the Mexican War , opposed fellow Southerners; He simply wanted California to enter the Union. Dying in office before the compromise passed actually helped because his successor, Millard Fillmore, helped promote compromise

  18. Fugitive Slave Law Northerners were furious that slavery had invaded their free states. Many refused to obey. The Underground Railroad became a popular way to protest this law.

  19. Compromise of 1850 Runaway slave, Harriet Tubman became the best known conductor on the Underground RR

  20. Compromise of 1850 Most fugitives followed the North Star to freedom...

  21. Compromise of 1850 ...but there were many routes to freedom...

  22. Compromise of 1850 Boston’s Famous Fugitive, Anthony Burns

  23. Compromise of 1850 Boston’s Famous Fugitive, Anthony Burns

  24. Compromise of 1850 Indiana’s famous Underground Railroad family: Levi and Kati Coffin Over 2,000 slaves found their way to freedom after being sheltered in Coffin’s home: “Grand Central Station”

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