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The Middle Ages

The Middle Ages. By: Stephen Riley, Aaron Rataj, Ryan Task Jake Gambatese. Role/Development of Language and Its Effects. Language until the sixteenth century was Latin. The common people (aka, the Vulgar) created dialects in different regions. This is called vernacular language.

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The Middle Ages

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  1. The Middle Ages By: Stephen Riley, Aaron Rataj, Ryan Task Jake Gambatese

  2. Role/Development of Language and Its Effects Language until the sixteenth century was Latin. The common people (aka, the Vulgar) created dialects in different regions. This is called vernacular language. Vernacular language grew more popular in each region and this caused more people, from outside these regions, to not really understand those that spoke a different dialect.

  3. Eventually, vernacular language became so popular that it surpassed Latin itself. The language was majorly used in the desire to spread Christianity. • Paper was a rarity in the beginning of the Middle Ages and students who were learning to write had written on wooden tablets. • Books were also rarities and were never seen open in a public library, but kept locked somewhere within the library. • Eventually, the cost of books decreased when the supply of them increased when Gutenberg invented the Printing Press in 1445.

  4. The invention of the printing press also introduced more use of paper, which was made of animal skin that was scraped until it was smooth. • The introduction of paper and the press resulted in many works of manuscript later on during the Renaissance.

  5. Impact of the Church in the middle ages the church played a massive role in all aspects of life, they had a lot of control in daily life of the government churches were built in a roman style with a rounded arch roof the Catholic Church was the only church that was around during the middle ages the church would also enforce punishment upon those who were against the church or those believed to take part in any sort of witch craft.

  6. non-Catholics are treated as infidels and raise suspicion • Priests had a very strong influence, • they could force people to go to church and punish them in the court of the church if they refused • they could also collect ten percent of and money that peasants made from their land. • although the priests had a very large amount of control they were controlled themselves by bishops • Church leaders such as bishops and archbishops sat on the king's council and played leading roles in government decisions

  7. -Bishops would often come from wealthy families of nobles -both bishops and priests lived very strict life styles not allowing for things like marriage -both priests and bishops were also held in very high regard due to their role in the government

  8. Daily Life • The Middle Ages did not erase the Anglo-Saxon culture, but it did bring change. • For example, Duke William divided the holdings of the fallen English Landowners among his followers. He also brought in a new language (French) and a new social system (feudalism which displaced the old Nordic social structure). • The Middle Ages’ government was based off of a hierarchy with god as the overlord. The citizens acquired their land for their economic or military allegiance.

  9. The primary occupation of males above the serfs was military service to their lords. • Boys were trained from early ages. • When the boys training was completed, he was "dubbed" on his shoulder ( a hard, testing blow). • Once he was knighted, he became a man with the title "sir" and the full rights of the warrior caste. If any of the knights were to break any of the laws, it undermined the knight’s position. • A famous example of this is Sir Gawin and the Green Knightwhich Gawin accepted a challenge which he believed would bring him death.

  10. Women had no political rights in the Middle Ages. • The women were always subservient to a man, whether it be a husband, father, or brother. • The males social standing or class determined the degree of respect the female commanded. • For peasant or serf women, the average life consisted of childbearing, housework, and hard work out on the field. • For the higher class women, it was childbearing and household supervisions. • The higher class women might even manage the estate while the male was gone at war.

  11. Historical Events • 1066: Duke William of Normandy defeats King Herold of England (the last Anglo-Saxon king) • 1095: The Crusades begin • In an attempt to free Jerusalem from Turkish control • 1119: Knights Templar formed

  12. 1171: Henry II conquers Ireland • England ruled for 800 years • 1215: King John signs the Magna Carta • 1232: Under Pope Gregory IX, the Inquisition starts • 1250: first commoners allowed into the parliament • 1275: Marco Polo arrives in China • 1348: Black Plague strikes England

  13. Work Cited Holt, , Rinehart, and Winston. Elements of Literature. 6th ed. Austin, Texas: Harcourt Brace and Company, 2000. Print. Faal, Sorcha. What Does It Mean?. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Sep 2012. http://www.whatdoesitmean.com/index1478.htm  "Marco Polo." yesnet. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Sep 2012. <http://www.yesnet.yk.ca/schools/projects/renaissance/marcopolo.html>.

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