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Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 9 th Grade Health. What is an STD?.
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Sexually Transmitted Diseases 9th Grade Health
What is an STD? • A sexually transmitted disease (STD), also known as sexually transmitted infection (STI) or venereal disease (VD), is an illness that has a significant probability of transmission between humans by means of human sexual behavior, including vaginal intercourse, oral sex, and anal sex. • While in the past, these illnesses have mostly been referred to as STDs or VDs, in recent years the term sexually transmitted infections (STIs) has been preferred, as it has a broader range of meaning; a person may be infected, and may potentially infect others, without showing signs of disease
3 Categories of STD’s • Viral • Bacterial • Parasitic
Viral • Cannot be cured • Symptoms can be treated Examples: Flu, H1N1, Common Cold, Chicken Pox, Viral Pneumonia
Bacterial • Most can be cured • Can be Treated Examples: Strep Throat, MRSA, E-Coli, Bacterial Pneumonia
Parasitic • Can be cured • Symptoms can be treated • Sometimes can be visible to the naked eye Examples: Tape Worm, Malaria, Lice
Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Sexually Transmitted Infections
What Is It? • Also called "crabs," pubic lice are parasitic insects found in the genital area of humans. Infection is common and found worldwide.
Transmission • By sexual skin to skin contact • By sharing clothes, towels, soap, bedding, or sleeping bags • By wearing an infected persons underwear • Pubic lice can live off of the body for 24-48 hours
Symptoms • Symptoms are the same for men and women • You may have itchiness and redness around your genitals. • Itching is often the worse at night • Tiny blood spots on underwear • It may take as long as two to three weeks or longer for a person to notice the intense itching associated with this infestation
Treatment or Cure • Prescription or over-the-counter shampoo, lotion, or cream used by both partners simultaneously
What Is It? • A sexually transmitted disease typically asymptomatic in men and resulting in vaginitis with a copious, frothy discharge and itching in women • This is a Parasite • Trichomoniasis is the most common curable STD in young, sexually active women. An estimated 7.4 million new cases occur each year in women and men.
Transmission • By sexual contact • By infected moist towels and washcloths
Symptoms • Greenish-yellow musty smelling discharge from the vagina • Itching, irritation, and redness of the vulva • Feeling of having to urinate frequently • Some women have no symptoms • Symptoms usually appear in women within 5 to 28 days of exposure
Treatment or Cure • Antibiotics
What Is It? • A bacterial STD that often advances without symptoms to spread through the body and causing problems in many organs • This is a Bacteria • Gonorrhea is a very common infectious disease. CDC estimates that more than 700,000 persons in the U.S. get new gonorrheal infections each year.
Transmission • By having unprotected vaginal, oral, or anal sex with a person who has gonorrhea • If untreated, it can spread to other areas of the body, especially the eyes of babies as they pass through the birth canal
Males Burning feeling while urinating Pus drip from penis 10% of males have no symptoms Abdominal pain Painful testicles Can cause infertility Females Burning yellowish discharge from vagina Painful menstruation Abnormal vaginal bleeding Many have no symptoms Can Cause PID Symptoms
Treatment or Cure • Antibiotics for both males and females
What Is It? • An infection of the reproductive tract, with or without symptoms • A frequent cause of ectopic pregnancy and pregnancy failure Chlamydia is the most frequently reported bacterial sexually transmitted disease in the United States. In 2008, 1,210,523 chlamydia infections were reported • This is a Bacteria
Transmission • Unprotected vaginal or anal sex with a person who has chlamydia • Can lead to… • Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (fallopian tube infection) • Ectopic Pregnancies (pregnancy develops in fallopian tube)
Males Watery or milky discharge from penis Burning when urinating Pain or swelling of the testicles Females Unusual discharge from the vagina Bleeding between periods Bleeding or pain during or after sex Lower abdominal pain Burning when urinating Symptoms Chlamydia is known as a "silent" disease because the majority of infected people have no symptoms.
Treatment or Cure • Antibiotics for both males and females
What Is It? • A bacterial STD that, if untreated, advances from a sore (chancre, pronounced (Shang-ker)) to flu-like symptoms, then through a long symptomless period, and later to a final stage of irreversible brain and nerve damage, ending in death • This is a Bacteria
Transmission • By having direct contact with a syphilis chancre sore during vaginal, oral, or anal sex.
Symptoms • Symptoms are the same for men and women • Painless sores from pinpoint size to as large as a quarter • Flu-like symptoms, fever, fatigue, pain in the muscles and joints • Painless rash on hands, feet, or whole body • Hair loss • Swollen lymph nodes
Treatment or Cure • Antibiotics for both males and females
What Is It? • HPV is any of over 50 related viruses whose effects include genital warts and cervical cancer • Genital Warts are contagious wart-like growths on infected areas and caused by the HPV virus. • This is a Virus
Transmission • Through direct skin to skin contact or unprotected vaginal, oral, or anal sex
Symptoms • Symptoms are the same for men and women • Warts may be round, flat, or raised • Small cauliflower-like bumps that are flesh/gray colored • Warts can be single or in clusters • Warts found in the genital area
Treatment or Cure • There is no cure for Genital Warts • Medication can be applied to the wart • Warts may be removed by laser surgery
