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SPORT PSYCHOLOGY. Sports Medicine 1 Lexington High School. Sport Psychology. Science of Mind and Behavior Athletes have psychological issues too Different reactions to same injuries Injury = Change in Social Behavior Short term injury = < 4 wks Long term injury = > 4 wks
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SPORT PSYCHOLOGY Sports Medicine 1 Lexington High School
Sport Psychology • Science of Mind and Behavior • Athletes have psychological issues too • Different reactions to same injuries • Injury = Change in Social Behavior • Short term injury = < 4 wks • Long term injury = > 4 wks • Chronic vs. Terminating
Reactive Phases • Reaction to Injury • Reaction to Rehabilitation • Reaction to Return • Do athletes go through all of the phases?
Influences of Reactions • Coping Skills • Past Hx of injury • Social Support • Personality Traits
Predictors of Injury • Injury Prone Athletes • Personality Types • Overprotective • Easily Distracted
Stress • Positive • Negative • Coping Mechanisms ~ psychological or physical methods by which an individual adjusts or adapts to a challenge or stressful situation
Grief and Loss • Dr. Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, On Death and Dying, 1969 • Stages of grief for loss of life applied to loss of identity from injury
Kubler-Ross Grieving Process • Denial~ Failure to believe what is true • Anger~ Athlete is mad at the world • Bargaining~ Attempting to make a deal with an authority figure to change outcome • Depression~ Extreme feelings of sadness • Acceptance~ Coming to terms with outcome or prognosis
ATC Response • Reassurance • Consistency and realistic • Avoid Specificity • Stay Positive • Stay Supportive • BE PROACTIVE • Expect Relapses
Interventions • Often stress overcomes all parts of life • Use Buffers to allay the symptoms ~ Can this help lead to healing? • Progressive Relaxation • Imagery • Goal Setting
Progressive Relaxation • Voluntary muscular contraction with deep breathing • Allows athletes to control feelings of stress and anxiety • Can help with all types of stress
Imagery • Use of senses to create or recreate an experience in the mind • Visual rehearsal • Emotive imagery rehearsal • Body rehearsal
Goal Setting • Gives athletes something to look forward too • Be specific in terms of physical capabilities • Avoid using specific dates and times
Specific Manageable Goals Positive vs. Negative language Challenging but realistic Reasonable timetable Short, medium, long range goals Link outcome to process Internalize Goals Monitor and evaluate goals Link Sport Goals to life Goals Goal Setting Guidelines
Returning to Competition • Clearance from MD & ATC • Erase invincibility feeling in athlete • EDUCATION • REHABILITATION • EDUCATION