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Factors Contributing to the Flourishing of Medieval European Cities

The revival of European trade in the 10th century marked a significant turning point for medieval society, fostering the growth of cities. This chapter explores the factors that attracted people to urban centers during the Middle Ages, including improved trade routes, agricultural innovations, and the rise of a merchant class. As cities became centers of culture and commerce, they offered new opportunities for social mobility and economic prosperity, transforming the landscape of European life in this historical period.

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Factors Contributing to the Flourishing of Medieval European Cities

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  1. The Middle Ages

    Modern World History Ch. 10 Section 1

  2. Why do people gravitate towards cities?

    Goal: List factors that helped European society flourish.
  3. Life in the Medieval Cities Revival of European trade in 10th century caused cities to grow Venice, Italy emerged as the trade center of Mediterranean Sea Wool of Flanders (north coast of France) fueled northern trade Money economy replaced bartering What is bartering? Predict what impact this change might have on Europe. Medieval neighborhood of Rothenburg, Germany
  4. Population Explosion From 1000 – 1300 the population of Europe almost doubled: 38-74 million people. Causes: Peaceful conditions Food production methods Climate change Cultivating land (getting it ready for crops) Technology improvements Time savers; water/wind power
  5. Manorial System Manor = agricultural estate, run by a Lord and worked by Peasants. Serfs – peasants legally bound to land. Provided labor; paid rent; subject to Lords control. Around 60% of the people of western Europe were Serfs. Usually worked 3 days a week for their Lord. Mutual Obligation existed: Land could not be taken away from Serfs Protection given
  6. Life in the Medieval Cities Revival of trade led to growth of cities. Commercial capitalism: investing in trade for the purpose of profit Townspeople paid lords for special rights (buy/sell property) Walls built around cities for defense Most medieval cities were smaller in pop. than Lawrence
  7. Life in the Medieval Cities Remember, towns were surrounded by walls; space was tight and limited. Narrow streets 2nd/3rd stories built. Wood dwellings = Fire hazards Dirty Smelled – animal and human waste Pollution – air and water (wells instead of rivers) Public baths – spread sickness Revival of trade enabled cities and town to become important centers for manufacturing.
  8. 10.1 Terms KIM Vocab K= Key Word I= Information M= Memory Clue Use in a sentence Example: K= Guild I= Business Associations M = (city growing) Guilds breathed life into cities. Manor Serf Money Economy Commercial Capitalism Bourgeoisie Patrician
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