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Understanding Boiling Points of Ketones: IMF and Molecular Properties

This article explores the influence of intermolecular forces (IMF) on the boiling points of ketones. Ketones, characterized by their carbonyl group within carbon chains, exhibit unique physical properties such as polarity, making them soluble in water. We compare the boiling points of ketones with alkanes and alcohols, highlighting that ketones have higher boiling points than alkanes but lower than alcohols for the same number of carbon atoms. Additionally, there’s a brief overview of ketone naming conventions, including the structural and common names for ketones like 2-propanone (acetone).

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Understanding Boiling Points of Ketones: IMF and Molecular Properties

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Topic: Function Group #4-Ketones Do Now: In terms of IMF, explain the difference in boiling point

  2. O O = = RCR' C • General Format: R and R' may or may not be the same(but have to be carbons/carbon chains) Carbonyl group: located within C chain

  3. Properties • Carboxyl group makes ketone molecules polar = soluble in water • Dipole-Dipole interactions • Boiling point: • higher than alkanes (same # C’s) • lower than alcohols (same # C’s)

  4. Have you ever smelled a ketone?! Camphor

  5. Naming Ketones • Must use number to indicate location of carboxyl group – use lowest possible number • Take corresponding alkane name: • Drop -e & add -one

  6. 2-propanone Common name = acetone 2-pentanone

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