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JMA’s ATMOSPHERIC MOTION VECTORS In Response to Action 40.22 CGMS-41 / JMA-WP-05

This study presents innovative methods for deriving atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) using mathematical relationships, likelihood functions, and optimization techniques. The analysis includes AMV datasets from satellites, height assignment schemes, and AMV sonde statistics to evaluate wind speed biases. The future plan involves experimental AMV derivation, comparisons with other cloud products, and the development of quality control methods incorporating advanced cloud physics processes.

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JMA’s ATMOSPHERIC MOTION VECTORS In Response to Action 40.22 CGMS-41 / JMA-WP-05

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  1. JMA’s ATMOSPHERIC MOTION VECTORSIn Response to Action 40.22CGMS-41 / JMA-WP-05

  2. Participationin the 2nd AMV Inter-Comparison Study • JMA/MSC computed Meteosat-9 AMVs from designated imagery data using JMA AMV algorithm • The computed AMV dataset was submitted to NWCSAF/AEMET for the 2nd inter comparison study at end of December 2012

  3. Height assignment scheme using maximum likelihood estimation method for Himawari-8 AMV • mathematical description of relationships between observables and latent variables • (transformation from physical model to equations and inequalities) • constructing likelihood function from above mathematical relationships • (transformation from equation and inequalities to PDF) • locating latent variables to maximize the likelihood function • (searching optimal parameters to explain observed observables)

  4. AMV derivation experiment using new tracking and HA technique • Satellite : MTSAT-2 • Period : July 2012 (summer)and January 2013 (winter) • Tracking method • RTN : Cross-Correlation, 16x16 pixels • TEST : Cross-Correlation, MLE using 5x5 and 15x15 pixels • Height assignment method • RTN : operational method • TEST : • Cloud alignment model : 3 layers • PDF : multivariate student t distribution (t=1) • Optimization method : Nelder-Mead

  5. IR upper level AMV sonde statistics for January 2013 RTN TEST Method : Comparison of rawinsonde winds with AMV winds within 150 km radius of a RAOB site Filters : VERT. DIST.(>=700hPa) < 50 (hPa) VERT. DIST.(<700hPa) < 35 (hPa) QUALITY >= 85 0.5*0.5 deg. latitude/longitude grid point data SPEED DIFF. < 30 (m/s) - DIRECTION DIFF. < 90 (deg)

  6. IR upper level AMV O-B statistics for January 2013 Root Mean Square Vector Differences RTN TEST Negative Wind Speed BIAS decreased around Jet stream

  7. IR upper level AMV O-B statistics for January 2013 Wind Speed BIAS RTN TEST Negative Wind Speed BIAS decreased around Jet stream

  8. IR upper level AMV O-B statistics for January 2013 Wind Speed BIAS for each levels RTN TEST Full Disk NHTROPSH

  9. IR upper level AMV O-B statistics for January 2013 Wind Speed BIAS RTN TEST

  10. IR upper level AMV O-B statistics for January 2013 Root Mean Square Vector Differences for each levels RTN TEST Full Disk NHTROPSH

  11. Future Plan for Himawari-8 AMV • Experimental AMV derivation from MSG • Comparisons against CALIPSO and MODIS cloud products • Analysis to values of Maximum Likelihood function • Development to Quality Control Method • Introduction of advanced cloud physics processes

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