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Basic Gill Anatomy

Basic Gill Anatomy. Lamella. Filament (2 rows). Gill Arch 4/side. Gill Raker. Arch. Filament. Lamellae. Water flow through gills, ventral view. Water. Bony Fish. What about sharks?. Water flow through gills, ventral view. Water. Water. Bony Fish. Shark. What about lampreys?.

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Basic Gill Anatomy

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  1. Basic Gill Anatomy Lamella Filament (2 rows) Gill Arch 4/side Gill Raker

  2. Arch Filament Lamellae

  3. Water flow through gills, ventral view Water Bony Fish

  4. What about sharks?

  5. Water flow through gills, ventral view Water Water Bony Fish Shark

  6. What about lampreys?

  7. Lamprey Gills Gill Sack Gill Hole Intestine Mouth Pharynx

  8. Micro Gill Anatomy

  9. Water Flow Gill Anatomy Efferent Artery Afferent Artery Cartilage Rod Lamella Afferent Artery Efferent Artery

  10. Countercurrent Exchange

  11. Parallel vs. Counter-current 20 100 20 40 60 100 0 20 40 80 Counter-current 80 0 0 50 50 46 40 25 0 50 54 60 75 100 Parallel 100 50

  12. Water Flow Gill Anatomy Efferent Artery Afferent Artery Cartilage Rod Lamella Afferent Artery Efferent Artery

  13. Lamella Cross Section Pillar Cell Red Blood Cell Epithelial Cell

  14. Filament Cross Section Efferent Artery Pillar Cell Afferent Artery Central Sinus C E A Cartilage Lamella

  15. Ammonia

  16. Infection

  17. Infection

  18. Iron

  19. Parasites Costia

  20. Parasites “Hamburger gill”

  21. _________

  22. 4 3 Hb Hb Hemoglobin inHigh and Low Oxygen Low Oxygen High Oxygen

  23. Hb Hb

  24. _ ______ __ _ ______

  25. Bohr Effect H2CO3 Carbonic Acid CO2 + H20 Low CO2 High pH High CO2 Low pH

  26. Hb Bohr Effect O • Tissues have a lower pH than the gills • At lower pH, oxygen does not bind as strongly to Hb (lower affinity) • Therefore, oxygen falls off even faster O O O

  27. 4 2 3 Hb Hb Hemoglobin inHigh and Low Oxygen/pH Low Oxygen & pH High Oxygen & pH

  28. Niels Bohr1885-1962 Christian Bohr 1855-1911

  29. Hb Hb

  30. Oxygen dumped from Hb into tissues because… • Oxygen concentration in tissues is lower so when oxygen falls off Hb it takes a long time to be replaced • The Bohr effect in tissues makes oxygen fall of easier there than it does in the gills • The net effect is that each Hb in the gills is usually bound to 4 oxygen molecules while Hb in the tissues is bound to only 2 • This, 2 oxygen molecules are dropped off by each Hb

  31. Quizzzzz • Basic gill anatomy; label the parts • Pillar cells and thin epithelium are critical! • Countercurrent exchange • How hemoglobin works • Oxygen drops off at low concentration • Bohr (affinity)

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