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The Holocaust

The Holocaust. Anti- Semitism. Why did the Nazi government single out Jews for mistreatment? Anti- Semitism Hostility toward or prejudice against Jews Adolf Hitler promised to return Germany to former glory Germans came from superior race- the Aryans Provided a scapegoat- someone to blame.

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The Holocaust

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  1. The Holocaust

  2. Anti- Semitism Why did the Nazi government single out Jews for mistreatment? • Anti- Semitism • Hostility toward or prejudice against Jews • Adolf Hitler promised to return Germany to former glory • Germans came from superior race- the Aryans • Provided a scapegoat- someone to blame

  3. Other's Targeted • Gypsies • The disabled • Slavs • Communists • Socialists • Jehovah’s Witnesses • homosexuals

  4. Timeline 1933 Hitler forced the retirement of almost all non-Aryan gov’t workers

  5. Timeline 1933 1935 Nuremburg Laws Hitler forced the retirement of almost all non-Aryan gov’t workers

  6. Nuremberg Laws • Defined who was a Jew and who was an “Aryan” • Stripped Jews of German citizenship • Took away most civil and economic rights

  7. Timeline Jews could not obtain passports to travel outside Germany 1937 1933 1935 Nuremburg Laws Hitler forced the retirement of almost all non-Aryan gov’t workers

  8. Timeline Jews could not obtain passports to travel outside Germany 1937 1933 1935 1938 Nuremburg Laws Jews to carry identification cards; kicked out of German schools; doctors/lawyers lost licenses Hitler forced the retirement of almost all non-Aryan gov’t workers

  9. Timeline Jews could not obtain passports to travel outside Germany Jews couldn’t leave home without police permission and had to wear the yellow Star of David 1937 1941 1933 1935 1938 Nuremburg Laws Jews to carry identification cards; kicked out of German schools; doctors/lawyers lost licenses Hitler forced the retirement of almost all non-Aryan gov’t workers

  10. U.S.S. St. Louis • German Jews had visas to get into Cuba. They were sold by Cuban officials in Germany but these transactions were very shady. • When they got to Havana’s harbor, only 2 were found to be legitimate and the rest were not valid because they were given by corrupted Cuban officials. • Only 2 of the 900 were able to get off in Cuba • Of the remaining people on the boat, 700 were on wait lists to get into America.

  11. U.S.S. St. Louis • The boat then went to America and waited just outside the coast while the captain of the ship tried to convince the American government to take the Jews on the ship. • The American government refused. • The ship went back to Europe: • 200 of those people were dropped off in Britain. • The rest were taken back to Germany.

  12. Why did America do this?? • Our National Origins Laws (150,000 immigrant limit) had nothing about refugees. • Breckinridge Long (in charge of American visas) was anti-Semitic • 10 million people were already unemployed here  job competition • Americans felt that it wasn’t an American government affair. Breckinridge Long

  13. Kristallnacht • Night of Broken Glass • 1938- November 9 and 10 • Riots broke out across Germany • Nazis claimed was a reaction of a Nazi official assassination by a Jewish teenager • SS dressed as civilians when they went out and destroyed Jewish property • Damage • 267 synagogues were destroyed • 7500 Jewish establishments destroyed • 30,000 Jews were also rounded up and sent to prison or concentration camps.

  14. Kristallnacht Nov. 9-10, 1938

  15. Kristallnacht Nov. 9-10, 1938

  16. Kristallnacht Nov. 9-10, 1938

  17. Kristallnacht Nov. 9-10, 1938

  18. Kristallnacht Nov. 9-10, 1938

  19. Warsaw Ghetto

  20. Warsaw Ghetto

  21. Warsaw Ghetto

  22. Euthanasia Program “Robert WagemannBorn Mannheim, Germany1937 “Robert and his family were Jehovah's Witnesses. The Nazis regarded Jehovah's Witnesses as enemies of the state for their refusal to take an oath of loyalty to Adolf Hitler, or to serve in the German army. Robert's family continued its religious activities despite Nazi persecution. Shortly before Robert's birth, his mother was imprisoned briefly for distributing religious materials. Robert's hip was injured during delivery, leaving him with a disability. When Robert was five years, he was ordered to report for a physical in Schlierheim. His mother overheard staff comments about putting Robert "to sleep." Fearing they intended to kill him, Robert's mother grabbed him and ran from the clinic. Nazi physicians had begun systematic killing of those they deemed physically and mentally disabled in the fall of 1939.”

  23. Einsatzgruppen “In the first year of Nazi occupation in the Soviet Union, nearly 500,000 men, women, and children were executed… By 1944, nearly all the Jews (approximately 1 million) who had lived in the Ukraine before the war had been killed.”

  24. "The Final Solution"

  25. Zyklon B

  26. Auschwitz-Birkenau

  27. Auschwitz-Birkenau

  28. "Angel of Death" Joseph Mengele

  29. Dachau

  30. Mauthausen

  31. Death Marches

  32. Death Marches

  33. Liberation U.S. Soldiers, Ordrhuf Concentration Camp, April 1945

  34. Liberation The Liberation of Buchenwald Concentration Camp, April 1945

  35. Liberation The Liberation of Buchenwald Concentration Camp, April 1945

  36. Liberation The Liberation of Buchenwald Concentration Camp, April 1945

  37. Liberation American Journalists at Dachau, April 1945

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