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The Causes of World War II: From the Treaty of Versailles to Global Conflict

World War II's outbreak in 1939 can be traced to several key factors, including the Treaty of Versailles, which devastated Germany’s economy and nationalism. The global economic turmoil following the US Stock Market Crash exacerbated political instability in Germany, paving the way for Hitler's rise to power. Meanwhile, aggressive expansion by Germany, Italy, and Japan, coupled with the policy of appeasement, further escalated tensions. The invasion of Poland in September 1939 marked the onset of global conflict as Britain and France declared war on Germany.

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The Causes of World War II: From the Treaty of Versailles to Global Conflict

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  1. WWII Begins

  2. What were the Causes of WWII?

  3. #1 Treaty of Versailles • destroys German nationalism and economy • US Stock Market Crash - Sends Germany into a huge Depression! • People are panicked and will listen to anyone! - Hitler rises to power

  4. $1 worth 3 trillion Marks

  5. Selling Money by Weight

  6. Hitler promises a return to German Prosperity and Glory • Becomes dictator in March 1933

  7. #2 Rise of Aggressors Germany Italy Japan Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini

  8. Japanese Aggression

  9. 1931 attacks Manchuria • 1932 attacks Shanghai • 1937 invades China

  10. Chinese Prisoners being buried alive

  11. Thirty girls were taken from language school last night, and today I have heard scores of heartbreaking stories of girls who were taken from their homes last night--one of the girls was but 12 years old....Tonight a truck passed in which there were eight or ten girls, and as it passed they called out "Gingming! Gingming!"--save our lives. (Minnie Vautrins diary, 16 December 1937) • It is a horrible story to relate; I know not where to begin nor to end. Never have I heard or read of such brutality. Rape: We estimate at least 1,000 cases a night and many by day. In case of resistance or anything that seems like disapproval there is a bayonet stab or a bullet. • (James McCallum, letter to his family, 19 December, 1937)

  12. Italian Aggression October 1935 Mussolini attacks Ethiopia

  13. German Aggression • 1936 Marches into Rhineland • 1938 Anschluss of Austria • 1939 Takes Czechoslovakia

  14. “Well, two years ago when we marched into the Rhineland with a handful of battalions - at that moment I risked a great deal. If France had marched then, we should have been forced to withdraw. But for France it is now too late!” -- Adolf Hitler

  15. Austria Welcomes Hitler

  16. We Sing For Adolf Hitler

  17. #3 Appeasement Giving in to an aggressor to avoid war

  18. League of Nations • Does little to stop Japan, Italy, and Germany • No one wants to go to war again

  19. Example of Appeasement • Munich Conference 1939 • France and Great Britain meet with Hitler to persuade him to not go after the Sudetenland - end up allowing him to take it - Hitler promises it will be his last invasion - “This is the last territorial claim I have to make in Europe.”

  20. “Peace in our Time”

  21. After Munich Conferences • Hitler Invades the rest of Czechoslovakia • Announces future invasion of Poland

  22. What event signified the beginning of WWII?

  23. September 1, 1939Germany Invades Poland

  24. Countdown to War • August 1939 Nazi-Soviet Pact - Russia agrees to help Germany invade Poland • September 1 – Invasion Begins • September 3- Great Britain and France Declare War

  25. To the chancellor of the German Reich, Herr A. Hitler. I thank you for your letter. I hope that the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact will mark a decisive turn for the better in the political relations between our two countries. . . . • J. Stalin

  26. Axis Powers Germany Italy Japan Hideki Tojo Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini

  27. Allied Powers Great Britain United States Russia Franklin D. Roosevelt Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin

  28. Questions?

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