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The Vestibular System

The Vestibular System. Anatomy of the ear. Anatomy of the ear. Anatomy of the ear. Anatomy of the ear. Ampulla of Semicircular canal. Rotational head movements Angular accelerations Displace endolymph in membranous ducts Push cupula to one side or other

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The Vestibular System

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  1. The Vestibular System

  2. Anatomy of the ear

  3. Anatomy of the ear

  4. Anatomy of the ear

  5. Anatomy of the ear

  6. Ampulla of Semicircular canal

  7. Rotational head movements Angular accelerations Displace endolymph in membranous ducts Push cupula to one side or other Displace stereocilia/kinocilium of hair cells in same direction Hair Cell Activation

  8. Movement of endolymph = Movement of endolymph toward ampulla Movement of endolymph away from ampulla

  9. Macula and otolith organ

  10. Macula and otolith organ

  11. Macula and otolith organ

  12. Equilibrium PATHWAY

  13. Vestibulospinal Network: Influences muscle tone & produces reflexive postural adjustments of the head and body vestibular nucleus Projects to all levels of the spinal cord Terminate on alpha & gamma motor neurons Excite extensor muscle motor neurons Stabilize body’s center of gravity & preserves upright posture

  14. Ménière Disease Disease results from a disruption of normal endolymphvolume Symptoms include: Severe vertigo Positional nystagmus (nystagmus when head in a particular position) Nausea Affected individuals can also experience-unpredictable attacks of auditory & vestibular symptoms: Vomiting Tinnitus (ringing in ears) Inability to make head movements Inability to stand passively Low frequency hearing loss Treatment: administration of a diuretic (hydrochlorothiazide) & a salt restricted diet Persistent condition: shunt implantation into swollen endolymphatic sac, or delivery of a vestibulotoxic agents (gentamicin) into perilymph.

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