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Topics for Today. Am I eating an acid? Lipids, Fats, and Oils!. Topics for Today. What is the pH scale? H + and OH -. Readings. 6.3 Neutralization 6.4 Introducing pH. Topics for Today. What is a fat? Fatty acid? Saturated vs unsaturated fats Animal versus plant. Readings For Today.
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Topics for Today • Am I eating an acid? • Lipids, Fats, and Oils!
Topics for Today • What is the pH scale? • H+ and OH-
Readings • 6.3 Neutralization • 6.4 Introducing pH
Topics for Today • What is a fat? Fatty acid? • Saturated vs unsaturated fats • Animal versus plant
Readings For Today • 11.3 Fat & Oils: Part of the lipid family • 11.4 Saturated and Unsaturated Fats & Oils
Topics for Wednesday • What is a trans fat?
Topics for Friday • “Acid” Rain • Quiz 10
Topics for Today • What is the pH scale? • H+ and OH-
What do we know about water? .. .. O H H
What do we know about water? • 1) It’s bent .. .. O H H
What do we know about water? • 1) It’s bent • 2) It’s polar δ- .. .. O H H δ+ δ+
What do we know about water? • 1) It’s bent • 2) It’s polar • 3) Polar things dissolved in water δ- .. .. O H H δ+ δ+
What do we know about water? • 1) It’s bent • 2) It’s polar • 3) Polar things dissolved in water • 4) Formed from acid-base reactions δ- .. .. O H H δ+ δ+
Neutralization Reaction Acid + Base Salt + Water NaNO3 + HOH HNO3 + NaOH H+ NO3- Na+ OH- Na+ NO3- H+ OH-
What do we know about water? • 1) It’s bent • 2) It’s polar • 3) Polar things dissolved in water • 4) Formed from acid-base reactions • 5) Formed from making Nylon and PET δ- .. .. O H H δ+ δ+
Polyester Nylon
What do we know about water? • 1) It’s bent • 2) It’s polar • 3) Polar things dissolved in water • 4) Formed from acid-base reactions • 5) Formed from making Nylon and PET • 6) Anywhere from ½ to ¾ of our body What else do we know about water? δ- .. .. O H H δ+ δ+
NEW!!! A VERY small amount of water will be H+ and OH- • Water forms ions! .. .. O H H
= H+ = OH─
.. .. + H+ OH- O H H
If H+ goes up… What happens to OH-? .. .. + H+ OH- O H H It goes down!!
What do the brackets mean? ALWAYS!!!! [H+] x [OH-] = 1 x 10-14 = 0.00000000000001
Example Moles solute [ ] = = Molarity Liter solution [H+] x [OH-] = 1 x 10-14
“Pure Water” [OH-]? 1 x 10-7 moles H+ [H+] = 1 x 10-7 M = = [OH-] Liter solution =0.0000001 M
What is OH- concentration? Lemon Juice • [H+] = 1 x 10-2 M = 0.01 M • [OH-] = 1 x 10-12 M Subtract the exponents! [H+] x [OH-] = 1 x 10-14
For those who like math… pH = -log[H+]
“Pure” Water 1 x 10-7 moles H+ [H+] = 1 x 10-7 M = Liter solution This is considered “neutral” pH = 7!
Acids = High concentration of H+ Acids = Low concentration of OH-
Lemon Juice • [H+] = 1 x 10-2 M • [OH-] = 1 x 10-12 M pH = 2!
Bases = Low concentration of H+ Bases = High concentration of OH-
Ammonia • [H+] = 1 x 10-10 M = 0.0000000001 M • [OH-] = 1 x 10-4 M = 0.0001 M pH?? 10!
Increase H+ (Decrease OH-) Decrease H+ (Increase OH-)
“Acid” Rain Friday!
Topics for Today • What is a fat? Fatty acid? • Saturated vs unsaturated fats • Animal versus plant
The Fat “Family Tree!” Lipids Triglycerides Other Lipids Oils Fats
Full of calories (energy)! Greasy and slippery… Very nonpolar Soluble in water?