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Chapter 13 Cardiovascular System

Chapter 13 Cardiovascular System. The Arterial System p. 363-368 Day 5. Paths of Circulation. Pulmonary Circuit Carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back Systemic Circuit Carries blood from the heart to all other parts of the body and back. Arterial System. Aorta

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Chapter 13 Cardiovascular System

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  1. Chapter 13 Cardiovascular System The Arterial System p. 363-368 Day 5

  2. Paths of Circulation • Pulmonary Circuit • Carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back • Systemic Circuit • Carries blood from the heart to all other parts of the body and back

  3. Arterial System • Aorta • Largest diameter artery in body (Fig. 13.26) • Principle Branches of Aorta • Ascending Aorta • Top of aorta that leads to major branches of aorta • Arch of Aorta • Brachiocephalic Artery • Leads to Right Subclavian and Right Common Carotid • Left Common Carotid • Left Subclavian Artery

  4. Arterial System Cont. • Descending Aorta • Contains the thoracic aorta and abdominal aorta • Thoracic Aorta • Bronchial Artery • Bronchi • Pericardial Artery • Pericardium • Esophageal artery • esophagus • Mediastinal artery • Mediastinum • Posterior intercostal artery • Thoracic wall

  5. Arterial System Cont. • Abdominal Aorta • Celiac Artery • Organs of upper digestive tract • Gastric Artery-stomach • Splenic Artery-spleen • Hepatic Arteries-liver • Superior and Inferior mesenteric arteries-sm. and lg. intestines • Suprarenal Arteries-adrenal gland • Renal Arteries-kidneys • Gonadal arteries-ovary or testes • Phrenic Artery-diaphragm • Lumbar Artery-posterior ab. Wall • Middle Sacral Artery-sacrum and coccyx • Branches into common iliac arteries

  6. Arterial System Cont. • Common Iliac • Right Common Iliac • Left Common Iliac • Supplies blood to lower regions of ab. Wall, pelvic organs and lower extremities

  7. Arterial System Cont. • Arteries to Neck, Head, and Brain • Branches of subclavian and common carotid arteries supply blood to structures within neck, head, and brain. • Vertebral Arteries • Basilar Artery-branches to pons, midbrain, and cerebellum • Posterior cerebral arteries-occipital and temporal lobes • Circle of Willis • Connects vertebral artery to internal carotid artery systems. Also equalizes blood pressure in the brain’s blood supply.

  8. Arterial System Cont. • Thyrocervical Arteries • Branch to thyroid, paraythyroid, larynx, trachea, esophagus, and pharynx as well as muscles in neck, shoulder, and back. • External Carotid Artery: • Upward side of head, branching into the neck, face, jaw, scalp and base of skull • Superior Thyroid Artery-larynx and thyroid gland • Lingual Artery-tongue and salivary glands • Facial Artery-Pharynx, palate, chin, lips and nose • Occipital Artery-posterior scalp, meninges, neck muscles • Posterior Auricular Artery-ear and lateral scalp • Maxillary Artery-teeth, jaw, cheek, and eyelids • Superficial Temporal Artery-gland and surface of the face and scalp

  9. Arterial System Cont. • Internal Carotid Artery • Follows a deep course upward along the pharynx to the base of the skull. Also contains baroreceptors that maintain B.P. • Ophthalmic Artery-eye and eye muscles • Anterior Choroid Artery-Choroid plexus and brain • Arteries of shoulder and upper limb • Subclavian-branches into arm • Axillary Artery- supplies branches to structures in axilla and chest wall, become Brachial Artery that follows the humerus to elbow where it branches into Radial and Ulnar Arteries • Ulnar-follows ulnar side down arm • Radial-follows the radial side of arm-used for pulse

  10. Arterial System Cont. • Arteries of the Thoracic and Ab. Walls • Internal Thoracic Artery • Supplies intercostal muscles and mammary glands • Arteries of the Pelvis and Lower Limb • Internal Iliac Artery-pelvic muscles, visceral structures, gluteal muscles, external repro. Organs • External Iliac Artery-main supply to lower limbs-becomes femoral • Femoral Artery-anterior surface of upper thigh • Popliteal Artery-braches off femoral artery at knee, leads to anterior and posterior tibia arteries • Anterior Tibial Artery-between tibia and fibula • Posterior Tibial Artery-larger of the two popliteal, supplies calf and lower leg

  11. The List to Know R and L Coronary Arteries Aorta Brachiocephalic R and L Common carotid R and L Subclavian R and L Gastric Celiac Splenic Hepatic R and L Renal Gonadal Sup. And Inf. Mesenteric Lumbar Sacral R and L. Common Iliac Superior thyroid Vertebral Carotid sinus Occipital Internal carotid External carotid Maxillary Basilar Posterior auricular Facial Anterior Choroid Axillary Brachial Radial Ulnar Anterior and Posterior Intercostal R and L Common Iliac Internal and External Iliac Femoral Popliteal Anterior Tibial Posterior Tibial

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