Grammar Boot Camp

1. Grammar Boot Camp Sentence Variety: Sentence Types and Patterns Adapted from http://www.delmar.edu/engl/wrtctr

2. Your Mission: • To Study Sentence Types • To Study Sentence Patterns • To Write with Varied Syntax

3. Phrases/ Clauses • Phrase: Group of related words, missing a subject and/or verb • Clause: Group of words containing both a subject and a verb • Independent Clause: Stands Alone • Dependent Clause: Does NOT Stand Alone • Also known as Subordinate Clause • Usually has a subordinating conjunction

4. Common Subordinating Conjunctions • Before • After • When • Although • While • Because • If • That • Since B A W A W B I T S

5. Phrase/ Clause Practice Identify the following as phrases, dependent clauses, or independent clauses. • In the middle of the room. • When the girl ate breakfast. • She loves puppies. • Because he ate play-dough. • He threw up. P DC IC DC IC

6. Overview • Patterns of independent and dependent clauses create 4 types of sentences • Four Sentence Types: • Simple Sentence (1 IC) • Compound Sentence (2 ICs) • Complex Sentence (1 IC, 1 DC) • Compound/Complex Sentence (2 ICs, 1 DC)

7. Simple Sentence Pattern: IC. Examples: 1. My dog is named Joey. 2. I have another dog named Gracie. 3. Joey is a grumpy old man. 4. Gracie is very mischievous.

8. Compound Sentences (2 ICs)

9. Compound Sentence : a Pattern: IC,forIC. and nor butCoordinating Conjunctions or yet so Example: Gracie chews my shoes, and Joey licks the walls. FANBOYS!

10. Compound Sentence: A • More examples… • Gracie fell down the heater vent, butshe wasn’t hurt. • Joey hates shadows, sohe tries to lick them away. • Gracie’s favorite toy is her stuffed pig, butshe also plays with her toy frog.

11. Compound Sentence : B Pattern: IC; IC. Example: Gracie ate a rock;she had to have emergency surgery.

12. Compound Sentence : c Pattern: IC ; therefore , IC. however moreoverConjunctive Adverbs furthermore Example: Gracie loves to play with Joey; however, Joey gets easily annoyed with Gracie.

13. Easy Identification… • Look for the FANBOYS! • Where does the comma go?

14. Complex Sentences (DC + IC)

15. Complex Sentence : a Pattern: DC, IC. Example: When Gracie got caught under my dresser, I had a hard time getting her out.

16. Complex Sentence : b Pattern: IC DC. Example: I never refer to Joey by his real name because it is really long.

17. Easy Identification… • Look for the BA WAWBITS! • Where does the comma go?

18. Compound-Complex Sentences

19. Compound/Complex Sentence : a Pattern: IC, forIC DC. and nor butCoordinating Conjunctions or yet so Example: Gracie tries her best to play with Joey, but he hates it when she bothers him.

20. Compound/Complex Sentence : b Pattern: ICDC , forIC. and nor butCoordinating Conjunctionsor yet so Example: Joey will play with Gracie if he’s in a good mood, but he’s seldom in a good mood.

21. Compound/Complex Sentence : c Pattern: DC, IC , forIC. and nor butCoordinating Conjunctionsor yet so Example: Since Joey is so old, he doesn’t have much energy, but sometimes he still acts like a puppy.

22. Easy Identification… • Look for BOTH a FANBOYS and a BA WAWBITS!

23. Now It’s Your Turn: Identify the sentence type (simple, compound, complex, compound/complex) for each item below: • I was scared when Gracie fell in the heater vent. • Joey can be very difficult, but I still love him because he has been such a loyal dog. • Gracie escaped from my condo one day, but she came back quickly. • I am happy that I have two dogs.

24. Answer key: • Complex • Compound-Complex • Compound • Complex

25. How well do you understand?

26. Congratulations! You are now a master of the four grammatical sentence types! (And you know a lot about Ms. Ratliff’s dogs.)