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Chapter 16

Chapter 16. Assistive Environments for Individuals with Special Needs. The Problem. Decline in vision, hearing, cognition, mobility Chronic conditions - arthritis, heart, blood pressure, Alzheimer's Desire to remain independent

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Chapter 16

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  1. Chapter 16 Assistive Environments for Individuals with Special Needs

  2. The Problem • Decline in vision, hearing, cognition, mobility • Chronic conditions - arthritis, heart, blood pressure, Alzheimer's • Desire to remain independent • Need for cost-effective ways to provide assistance, allow self-care, higher quality of life

  3. Assistive Devices • Wheelchairs, walkers, bath seats, magnifiers • Mechanical • Voice I/O, call buttons, power furniture • Limited capability - require direct interaction Smart Environment Assistive Environment

  4. Assistive Environment • Requires context awareness • Requires sensing • Minimize human attention • Assistance for everyday tasks • Proactive

  5. Monitoring Capabilities- Current & Emerging - • Monitor house • Security, temperature - current • Appliances (on/off), lights, detect leaks, deliveries • Monitor person's health • Physiological data - temperature, blood pressure, changes vs. trends • Taking of medication, order refills • Reminders: time to eat

  6. Monitoring Capabilities #2 • Monitor independence or self-care related needs • Monitor • Identify need for home health care visit • Support self interventions • Provide information and training • Monitor activities, movements, behavior • Detects fall, injury • Normal activity - out of bed, open refrigerator

  7. A day in the life of 87-year old Mrs. Smith in her new Smart Home Pages 364-366

  8. Matilda - Smart House • National Institute on Disability & Rehabilitation Research • Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center (RERC) • Hosted by University of Florida Pervasive Computer Lab • Actually lab mock-up • See photos, pages 367-369

  9. Matilda Instrumentation • 500 ft2: bedroom, bath, den, kitchen • Gator-Tech Smart House being built in Gainesville, FL retirement community • 4 ultrasonic receivers • 4 flat-panel monitors - one on each wall • Smart phone, floor sensor, water leak sensor, RFID tags, x-10 controlled devices, network • Robot - Matilda: beacons on shoulder • On remote control car

  10. Location System • Positioning: users receive information from environment & calculate position; provides privacy • Tracking: central computer keeps track of users position • Used for home; privacy not issue • Low Frequency RF Sensor: locates with 3m; not accurate enough for home • Infrared: less accurate; sunlight interferes * Ultrasonic: accuracy within 3cm 95% of time • Disadvantages can be overcome with planning

  11. Middleware Services Developed Generic Services to support rapid application development • Automated/scheduled task service • Triggered tasks - time or sensor or condition • Simple rule language • Voice recognition • Camera vision - tracks objects • Event broker - delivers application specific event when conditions met

  12. Generic Services #2 • Location service provides location of Matilda or objects • Space sensing - monitors movement & placement of objects • Persistent Storage - stores streaming sensor data for analysus, etc. • Web service - access to Internet • Online food ordering * Combine these to build necessary applications

  13. Sample Applications Remote Monitoring • Monitors Matilda's location; remote requests by users are answered Mobile Patient Care - Giving Assistance (MPCA) • If a task needs to be performed; increasing attention getting actions are performed; beep, message on monitor, voice reminder General Reminder System (GRS) • Reminders for everyday tasks • Can send to phone

  14. Sample Applications #2 Augmented Awareness System (AAS) • Notify when events happen • Mail delivered, person at door • Automate some tasks with voice • Windows, doors, applicances Smartwave Intelligent Cooking System • Package label ready by RFID reader • Cooks automatically

  15. Other Elder-Care Systems • Tonsberg, Norway, 1998 - 8 smart flats for older folks with dementia • Detectors for fire, falls, door/light controls, etc. • Elite Care's Oatfield Estates - Stanford, 2002 • Extended family residence complex • IR/RF tags (for key) • Weight sensing bed; vital sign sensors Several others with various features

  16. Conclusion Technology provides many avenues for assistive environments

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