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How do liberals and conservatives differ?

How do liberals and conservatives differ? . What is their operational definition of conservatism? Is one element more important than the other? What is motivated social cognition? How could we know if political orientation is “motivated”? Conservatism as default (Crandall)

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How do liberals and conservatives differ?

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  1. How do liberals and conservatives differ?

  2. What is their operational definition of conservatism? • Is one element more important than the other? • What is motivated social cognition? • How could we know if political orientation is “motivated”? • Conservatism as default (Crandall) • What are the correlates of conservatism? How would these relate to motives? Jost, Glaser, Kruglanski, & Sulloway, 2003

  3. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_dominance_orientation#SDO_Scalehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_dominance_orientation#SDO_Scale • http://members.shaw.ca/jeanaltemeyer/drbob/chapter1.pdf Scales

  4. RWA • Intolerance of ambiguity • Dogmatism, closed-mindedness • Theory of ideological polarity • Dynamic theory Personality theories

  5. Lay epistemic theory (need for closure) • Regulatory focus theory (ought vs. ideal) • Terror management Epistemic and existential need theories

  6. Social dominance theory • System justification theory • Cognitive dissonance Ideological theories

  7. Check out tables—which are supported? • What other factors may be at play? • Are there differences by measures, samples, etc.? Findings?

  8. Effect sizes • Student samples • Scale validity • Definition of conservatism • West doesn’t have real lefties • It’s extremism, not conservatism • It’s power, not conservatism • RWA isn’t conservatism • It’s all correlational • But conservatives are happier, they didn’t cite me, psychiatrists, testimonials, misunderstandings Arguments against their reasoning

  9. Why are conservatives happier, according to Napier & Jost, 2008? • Why are they happier, according to Schlenker et al.? • Haidt’s moral foundations: • Liberals harm/care and fairness/reciprocity • Conserv adds ingroup/loyalty, authority/respect, and purity/sanctity (binding) • Study 1: How much happier are conservatives? • Table 1 • Personal agency and positive outlook were perfect mediators for conservatism, but not for system satisfaction Schlenker, Chambers, & Le, 2012

  10. “In general, you find society to be fair,” • “In general, the American political system operates as it should,” • “American society needs to be radically restructured” (reverse-scored), • “The United States is the best country in the world to live in,” • “Most policies serve the greater good,” • “Everyone has a fair shot at wealth and happiness,” • “Our society is getting worse every year” (reverse-scored), and • “Society is set up so that people usually get what they deserve.” System justification scale

  11. Equity vs. equality • Role of government in social justice • Beliefs about the fairness of life Liberals vs. conservatives

  12. How different? • Results? • Issues? Studies 2 and 3

  13. Gini index • How do the interpretations of Napier & Jost (2008) differ from Schlenker et al. (2012)? • What other things do they take issue with from the SJT approach? • What is their “take home” message? Any alternative explanations? Study 4

  14. Historical overview—comments? • Study 1 • Samples • Findings • Relation to previous articles? • Social vs. economic conservatism Carney, Jost, Gosling, & Potter, 2008

  15. Study 2 (nonverbal behavior) • Description • Results • Study 3 (rooms) • Description • Results

  16. Causality—what comes first? • College student samples Overall issues

  17. Proposals due! • More on how L/C think Next week

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