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The Impact of Charlemagne on Europe: Uniting the Realm and the Rise of Feudalism

Charlemagne, also known as Charles the Great, played a pivotal role in reuniting Europe during the 800s after the turmoil caused by Germanic invaders. His strong and efficient governance laid the foundation for future European states, including France, Germany, and Italy. However, following his death in 814, the empire he built began to crumble, giving rise to feudalism. This period saw the emergence of knights, who underwent lengthy training to become mounted warriors, akin to the "tanks" of their time in warfare.

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The Impact of Charlemagne on Europe: Uniting the Realm and the Rise of Feudalism

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  1. The Middle Ages

  2. Charlemagne- Charles the Great Rule and reunited Europe 800s after Germanic Invaders France, Germany, Italy Strong efficient government
  3. Post Charlemagne Empire crumbled in 814
  4. Feudalism
  5. Knights Lengthy Training Mounted warriors “Tank” Wealthiestout of archers and foot soldiers
  6. Chivalry- Code of Conduct Brave Loyal True to their word Fight fairly Generosity towards enemies
  7. Manor- The heart and soul Lord’s Estate Village and surrounding lands Serf: peasants bound to the land belonging to the lord
  8. Medieval Church Split between East and West West= Roman Catholic Church Strength and wealth meant power Secular: having to do with worldly matters; nonreligious
  9. WE WANT CHANGE!
  10. Economic Factors Agriculture: 3 Field System Commerce: Trade Guilds: Specialists
  11. William the Conqueror Took the Throne in 1066 Battle of Hastings William vs. Harold
  12. Royal Power Tax Collection Common Law Jury Power struggles between nobles and King
  13. Magna Carta Most celebrated document in English History June 15, 1215 English nobles revolt against King John Guaranteed basic political rights Feudal rights, limit kings powers, no taxation without representation, jury trial, protection of law
  14. The Crusades Holy War 1050s Byzantine Empire invaded by Muslim Turks Christians on Pilgrimage to Holy Land attacked Call upon Pope Urban II to help
  15. Economic, social, political, religious motives Reclaim Palestine Get rid of issues among Knights Land rights Merchant prosperity
  16. Spanish Inquisition Ferdinand and Isabella Wanted to eliminate heresy in Spain People whose religious beliefs differed from the church Brutal torture
  17. Learning Revived Schools appeared Students were the sons of Burghers Vernacular: everyday language of ordinary people
  18. Dante Alighieri: Divine Comedy http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x3mIkXhdQ7U
  19. Bubonic Plague 1300s Epidemic strikes North Africa, Asia, Europe Destroys 1/3 of the population Pulls apart the community Terrified society, ripped the faith out from under people
  20. Origins and Impact Began in Asia, swept Italy, Spain, France, Germany, England and other parts of Europe and North Africa 1347 fleet of Genoese ships brought plague to Sicily Name Origin: Purplish/Blackish spots under the skin
  21. Impact 4 years to reach entire European continent 2/3 to 3/4 of those who contracted disease died 25 million died Occasional outbreaks, not as detrimental
  22. Effects Town populations fell Trade declined. Prices fell Serfs left manor, hopes for better wages Peasants demanded higher wages Revolts in England, France, Italy, Belgium
  23. Effects Jews blamed for plague Driven from homes Massacred Church suffered loss of prestige Slowed down change
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