1. Write your name on a new popsicle stick • Pick up your journal from the back cabinets • Pick up your summer assignments from the left side of the room (by the Social Structure sign) • HW: Finish Crusades Packet

2. Russia • Crusades

3. Chapter 9 Western Europe Revives

4. Western Europe Revives, 1000-1200 • Coincided with and contributed to the Crusades • People moving from surviving on manorial agriculture to a surplus of food, selling the food, spending more money in the market

5. Western Europe Revives, 1000-1200 • New technology and cities devoted to seaborne trade • Monarchs now have more centralized power, control over vassals = stronger

7. Role of Technology • Near doubling of population from 1000-1200 in western Europe • New type of plow to cut deep into the northern soil and used horseshoes and new horse collar = increased productivity

8. Cities and Rebirth of Trade • Cities formed from communes (groups of citizens who banned together to defend their cities and self-government from lord) • Italian cities: Venice, Pisa, and Genoa focusing on spice trade

9. Cities and Rebirth of Trade • Flanders cities: Ghent, Bruges, and Ypres focusing on fishing and wool trades • Coinage from Muslim and Byzantine Empire; minting of silver coins in Scandinavia and Poland